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第三章 跨文化背景下的英汉语句翻译
The cat ate nothing. That’s ____ it was sick. (填 because,强调猫不吃东西的
原因是它生病了)
(2)当主语是 the reason 时,表语从句的引导词用 that,不用 why
The reason is that Tom left Guangzhou yesterday. 原因是Tom昨天离开广州了。
(四)同位语从句翻译
英语的同位语从句是用以解释说明前面某一名词的内容的,也就是将这一名
词的含义具体化,其地位和此名词是同等的。从句常用 that 或 whether 来引导。
同位语从句常用来说明 fact, theory, sense, question, conclusion, news, experience,
evidence, proof, condition, law, conjecture, doubt 等词的具体含义。
翻译此类从句时,一般有两种处理方法:一种把从句译成一个独立的句子,
并在其前加即…,这等词,或在从句所修饰的名词之后加冒号或破折号;二是用
的字把从句放在它所修饰的词之前。如:
Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country’s economy is directly
bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests
upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds.(2000 年)
结构分析:句子的框架是 Furthermore, it is obvious that… and that. 这是典型
的句型 It+is+obvious+that clause. It 是形式主语,真正的主语是由连词 and 连接的
两个并列的主语从句:A.that the strength is…bound with…, B.and that this…rests
upon the efforts. 第一个主语从句中的词组 be bound up with 是与…有关联之意;
在第二个主语从句中,代词 this 指代前文的 the efficiency of its agriculture and
industry,译为效率的提高。
译文:再者,显而易见的是一个国家的经济实力与其工农业生产效率密切相
关,而效率的提高则又有赖于各种科技人员的努力。
There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to
historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various
branches of historical inquiry.(1999 年)
结构分析:句子的框架是 There is no agreement whether…or…. 主句是 There
is no agreement,agreement 后面紧跟了由 whether 引导的同位语从句作同位语;在
同位语从句中,谓语动词短语 refers to 跟了两个由连词 or 连接的并列宾语:A.the
concepts peculiar to historical work in general; B.the research techniques appropriate
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