• 148 •:@0.118919:0.946969:0.160108:0.946969:0.160108:0.932706:0.118919:0.932706:0.005339:0.003814:0.007628:0.007628:0.007628:0.003814:0.005339
On Centralized Democracy —Taking China as an Example:@0.179757:0.081230:0.450417:0.081230:0.450417:0.070402:0.179757:0.070402:0.008261:0.005721:0.002860:0.007631:0.005080:0.005721:0.003181:0.004451:0.005721:0.003181:0.003181:0.004451:0.005080:0.005721:0.002860:0.008261:0.005080:0.008261:0.005721:0.005080:0.004451:0.005721:0.005080:0.005080:0.002860:0.010171:0.005310:0.005721:0.005080:0.003181:0.005721:0.005721:0.002860:0.007631:0.005721:0.003181:0.005721:0.005721:0.002860:0.005721:0.004451:0.002860:0.005721:0.005721:0.002860:0.006991:0.005080:0.005721:0.008261:0.005721:0.003181:0.005080
论集中民主——以中国为例:@0.118811:0.070987:0.324757:0.070987:0.324757:0.057677:0.118811:0.057677:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162
怪的是，我们许多人，一方面希望国家强大，一方面又害怕政府剥夺自己的自由与权力，:@0.118919:0.119342:0.874876:0.119342:0.874876:0.103257:0.118919:0.103257:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.011715:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.011715:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.011715:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
不肯为了公众和国家，放弃自己任何一点点小小的权力。请问，人人都这样，国家权:@0.118919:0.143913:0.864879:0.143913:0.864879:0.127829:0.118919:0.127829:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
力哪里来？人民的力量又哪里来？:@0.118919:0.168485:0.419257:0.168485:0.419257:0.152400:0.118919:0.152400:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
世事无全。集中能办大事，但过度集中可能造成专制专断；民主带来活力，但凡:@0.159460:0.193056:0.865054:0.193056:0.865054:0.176972:0.159460:0.176972:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
事民主，社会多生动乱。有得必有失，有一利必有一弊。正像标准能帮助我们完成任:@0.118919:0.217628:0.864879:0.217628:0.864879:0.201543:0.118919:0.201543:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
务，标准也妨碍我们的表现和创造。有利必有弊，此事古难全。在吃人的封建宗法社:@0.118919:0.242199:0.864881:0.242199:0.864881:0.226115:0.118919:0.226115:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020024:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
会思想的压迫与束缚下，在军阀和帝国主义的统治之下，封建道德，吃人的礼教，使:@0.118919:0.266771:0.864879:0.266771:0.864879:0.250686:0.118919:0.250686:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020023
得中国的民众之愚昧麻木，无自我，无个性，无反抗。今日之中国人，解放了，翻身了，:@0.118919:0.291342:0.874876:0.291342:0.874876:0.275257:0.118919:0.275257:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.015870:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.015868:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.015870:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.015868:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.015870:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.015868:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
开放了，又太自我，太自我就是太自私，同样有碍于社会进步和中华复兴，这种社会:@0.118919:0.315913:0.864879:0.315913:0.864879:0.299829:0.118919:0.299829:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
民情尤其需要加强集中。:@0.118919:0.340485:0.339167:0.340485:0.339167:0.324400:0.118919:0.324400:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
当然，一如民主有弊有害，集中也有弊有害。过分集权会影响社会活力，反而不:@0.159460:0.365056:0.865054:0.365056:0.865054:0.348972:0.159460:0.348972:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
利施政。集中民主正是为了克服这种可能的弊端而将二者结合起来的。中国的政治体:@0.118919:0.389628:0.864909:0.389628:0.864909:0.373543:0.118919:0.373543:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
制改革正在朝着进一步地限制政府权力、放开搞活的路径前行。把权力关进笼子里，:@0.118919:0.414199:0.865041:0.414199:0.865041:0.398115:0.118919:0.398115:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020024:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023
让权力在阳光下运行。:@0.118919:0.438771:0.319144:0.438771:0.319144:0.422686:0.118919:0.422686:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
五、集中民主与科学决策:@0.156757:0.478035:0.408469:0.478035:0.408469:0.459718:0.156757:0.459718:0.022883:0.022883:0.022883:0.022883:0.022883:0.022883:0.022883:0.022883:0.022883:0.022883:0.022883
我在前面说过，民主的目的就是形成正确决策。美国著名经济学家熊比特也认为，:@0.159460:0.511952:0.874877:0.511952:0.874877:0.495867:0.159460:0.495867:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.017325:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.017325:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
民主是一种方法，是为达到政治决定的一种制度安排。:@0.118919:0.536523:0.599460:0.536523:0.599460:0.520439:0.118919:0.520439:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
现代决策已经成为一门综合性的系统科学，决策科学的基础理论:@0.159460:0.561095:0.723735:0.561095:0.723735:0.545010:0.159460:0.545010:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
—:@0.724008:0.561095:0.764053:0.561095:0.764053:0.545010:0.724008:0.545010:0.040045
首先必须尽:@0.764193:0.561095:0.864867:0.561095:0.864867:0.545010:0.764193:0.545010:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
可能地占有最广泛的材料和信息，以作为决策的依据，这一基础理论和集中民主的一:@0.118919:0.585666:0.864909:0.585666:0.864909:0.569582:0.118919:0.569582:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
般原理:@0.118919:0.610238:0.179287:0.610238:0.179287:0.594153:0.118919:0.594153:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
—:@0.179588:0.610238:0.219633:0.610238:0.219633:0.594153:0.179588:0.594153:0.040045
集思广益、集中人民的主张和力量高度一致。而决策科学中的一些经典方:@0.219784:0.610238:0.864900:0.610238:0.864900:0.594153:0.219784:0.594153:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
法比如问卷法、访谈法、座谈会法、专家咨询法、头脑风暴法等等，不仅是集中民主:@0.118919:0.634809:0.864719:0.634809:0.864719:0.618724:0.118919:0.618724:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
过程中常用的方法，而且与集中民主注重调查研究、密切联系群众、领导与群众专家:@0.118919:0.659381:0.865039:0.659381:0.865039:0.643296:0.118919:0.643296:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
三结合等思想理论高度契合。我们举一个众所周知的例子，大家即可一窥中国式集中:@0.118919:0.683952:0.864909:0.683952:0.864909:0.667867:0.118919:0.667867:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
民主的科学与真谛。可以说，集中民主就是科学决策，集中民主就是中国式的决策科学。:@0.118919:0.708523:0.874876:0.708523:0.874876:0.692439:0.118919:0.692439:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.011715:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.011715:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.011715:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
举世瞩目的:@0.159460:0.733095:0.261725:0.733095:0.261725:0.717010:0.159460:0.717010:0.020563:0.020553:0.020563:0.020563:0.020023
2021:@0.266840:0.734135:0.306885:0.734135:0.306885:0.715415:0.266840:0.715415:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
年全国两会，是一次承前启后的历史性会议。来自全国各地、:@0.312031:0.733095:0.865014:0.733095:0.865014:0.717010:0.312031:0.717010:0.020563:0.020563:0.020553:0.020563:0.020023:0.020563:0.020563:0.020553:0.020563:0.020563:0.020553:0.020563:0.020563:0.020563:0.020563:0.020553:0.020563:0.020563:0.020023:0.020553:0.020563:0.020563:0.020563:0.020553:0.020563:0.020023:0.020023
各民族、各条战线的:@0.118919:0.757666:0.302766:0.757666:0.302766:0.741582:0.118919:0.741582:0.020543:0.020543:0.020023:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020023
5000:@0.307852:0.758706:0.347897:0.758706:0.347897:0.739986:0.307852:0.739986:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
余名代表委员发扬民主，献计献策，与党和国家领导人共:@0.353023:0.757666:0.865019:0.757666:0.865019:0.741582:0.353023:0.741582:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020023:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020023:0.020533:0.020543:0.020533:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020023
商国是，表决通过了关于国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和:@0.118919:0.782238:0.712545:0.782238:0.712545:0.766153:0.118919:0.766153:0.020503:0.020503:0.020020:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020023
2035:@0.717653:0.783278:0.757698:0.783278:0.757698:0.764558:0.717653:0.764558:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
年远景目标:@0.762824:0.782238:0.864859:0.782238:0.864859:0.766153:0.762824:0.766153:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020503:0.020023
纲要的决议。这份重磅文件，确定了未来:@0.118919:0.806809:0.487135:0.806809:0.487135:0.790725:0.118919:0.790725:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020023:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020025:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020023
5:@0.492279:0.807849:0.502291:0.807849:0.502291:0.789129:0.492279:0.789129:0.010011
年乃至:@0.507436:0.806809:0.568545:0.806809:0.568545:0.790725:0.507436:0.790725:0.020543:0.020543:0.020023
15:@0.573691:0.807849:0.593713:0.807849:0.593713:0.789129:0.573691:0.789129:0.010011:0.010011
年中国发展的行动蓝图。这份:@0.598859:0.806809:0.864879:0.806809:0.864879:0.790725:0.598859:0.790725:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020023:0.020543:0.020543:0.020023
重要文件从广泛吸收各方意见，起草编制规划纲要，到党的十九届五中全会审议通过:@0.118919:0.831381:0.864909:0.831381:0.864909:0.815296:0.118919:0.815296:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和二:@0.118919:0.855952:0.680091:0.855952:0.680091:0.839868:0.118919:0.839868:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020023
O:@0.685076:0.856992:0.699533:0.856992:0.699533:0.838272:0.685076:0.838272:0.014456
三五年远景目标的:@0.704538:0.855952:0.864859:0.855952:0.864859:0.839868:0.704538:0.839868:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020043:0.020023
建议》，再到规划纲要草案提交十三届全国人大四次会议审查，会议决定批准这个规:@0.118919:0.880524:0.865117:0.880524:0.865117:0.864439:0.118919:0.864439:0.020183:0.020099:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020024:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
划纲要。历经“千锤百炼”而诞生的规划纲要，凝聚着全党全社会的智慧，承载着亿:@0.118919:0.905095:0.864799:0.905095:0.864799:0.889010:0.118919:0.889010:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020103:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023