• 151 •:@0.839890:0.946969:0.881079:0.946969:0.881079:0.932706:0.839890:0.932706:0.005339:0.003814:0.007628:0.007628:0.007628:0.003814:0.005339
 :@0.000973:0.067670:0.005263:0.067670:0.005263:0.051624:0.000973:0.051624:0.004291
» :@0.281656:0.071740:0.294527:0.071740:0.294527:0.055694:0.281656:0.055694:0.008581:0.004291
第五章 集中民主的理性论证—集中民主的自然性、合理性、必要性和必然性:@0.294527:0.072126:0.869460:0.072126:0.869460:0.058778:0.294527:0.058778:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.008581:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162
  :@0.346014:0.073066:0.354595:0.073066:0.354595:0.057020:0.346014:0.057020:0.004291:0.004291
  :@0.869460:0.073066:0.873751:0.073066:0.873751:0.057020:0.869460:0.057020:0.000000:0.004291
你问问那些高赞戈尔巴乔夫“忠于自由”的美国政客，美国已经领导世界一百年了，:@0.135135:0.119342:0.881175:0.119342:0.881175:0.103257:0.135135:0.103257:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020103:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023
为什么不自动退出历史舞台？为什么就是不许中国超过美国？像戈氏这种人其实不是:@0.135135:0.143897:0.881125:0.143897:0.881125:0.127812:0.135135:0.127812:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
政治家。有作为的政治家，一定是一个想集权的政治家，能集权的政治家，努力长期:@0.135135:0.168451:0.881095:0.168451:0.881095:0.152367:0.135135:0.152367:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
执政的政治家！:@0.135135:0.193006:0.275293:0.193006:0.275293:0.176922:0.135135:0.176922:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
中国人讲不谋万世者，不足谋一时，不谋全局者，不足谋一域。只有长期执政，:@0.175676:0.217561:0.881110:0.217561:0.881110:0.201477:0.175676:0.201477:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023
才能谋万世与全局。首先，长期执政是实现良治、解决复杂问题、实现人类长远利益:@0.135135:0.242116:0.881095:0.242116:0.881095:0.226031:0.135135:0.226031:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
的客观需要和必然要求。管理需要经验，经验需要积累，执政的时间越长经验就越丰富，:@0.135135:0.266671:0.891092:0.266671:0.891092:0.250586:0.135135:0.250586:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.011715:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.011715:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.011715:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
管理自然就会越好，而积累的经验要释放，要实现，需要有个过程。人类社会越来越:@0.135135:0.291225:0.881095:0.291225:0.881095:0.275141:0.135135:0.275141:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
进步，也越来越复杂，处理这些复杂问题需要的时间也越来越长，不像古代那么简单，:@0.135135:0.315780:0.891092:0.315780:0.891092:0.299696:0.135135:0.299696:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018391:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
许多问题的处理需要一个较长时间段才能完成，有时一项政策的效力也往往需要很长:@0.135135:0.340335:0.880875:0.340335:0.880875:0.324250:0.135135:0.324250:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
时间才能显现出来，而这些复杂问题往往关系人类的长远利益和整体利益，尤其是文:@0.135135:0.364890:0.881125:0.364890:0.881125:0.348805:0.135135:0.348805:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
化和意识形态的塑造或改造，这对一国一民族来说，可是系统工程、长期工程，有时:@0.135135:0.389444:0.881095:0.389444:0.881095:0.373360:0.135135:0.373360:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
可能需要几代人来完成。而文化和意识形态的塑造又是一个政党的重要使命，没有长:@0.135135:0.413999:0.881117:0.413999:0.881117:0.397915:0.135135:0.397915:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020025:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
期执政是办不到的。这些问题客观上都需要政权稳定，需要长期执政，持久施力，久:@0.135135:0.438554:0.881095:0.438554:0.881095:0.422469:0.135135:0.422469:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020023
久为功。所以政治领导人的任期需要加长。这些就是中国共产党长期执政的道理所在。:@0.135135:0.463109:0.891092:0.463109:0.891092:0.447024:0.135135:0.447024:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.017574:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.017572:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
也就是说，长期执政是现实决定的，实践决定的，是现实需要的，实践需要的，也可:@0.135135:0.487664:0.880933:0.487664:0.880933:0.471579:0.135135:0.471579:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020021:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
以说是为实现民主所需要的，是为了更美好的未来所需要的！:@0.135135:0.512218:0.675744:0.512218:0.675744:0.496134:0.135135:0.496134:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
当今之世，各国各党都在谋求连选连任，希图长期执政，为的就是更好更有序地:@0.175676:0.536773:0.880810:0.536773:0.880810:0.520689:0.175676:0.520689:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
处理复杂问题，实现本党的纲领、宗旨和长远目标。谋求连选连任长期执政，就是谋:@0.135135:0.561328:0.881097:0.561328:0.881097:0.545243:0.135135:0.545243:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020024:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
求集中的一种表现形式，一种手段，这是世界大势，也是执政规律。强国要有强人领导，:@0.135135:0.585883:0.891092:0.585883:0.891092:0.569798:0.135135:0.569798:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.013792:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.013794:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.013792:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.013792:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
强人需要强权，强权需要集权，有权才能强，无权强什么，怎么强？在当代欧美和日本，:@0.135135:0.610438:0.891092:0.610438:0.891092:0.594353:0.135135:0.594353:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.013792:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.013794:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.013792:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.013792:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
在野党遭遇分化愈发弱小，在这样的情形下，无论是美国还是日本，都出现了凭借选:@0.135135:0.634992:0.881255:0.634992:0.881255:0.618908:0.135135:0.618908:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
举获胜的总统或执政党在行政机构实现权力集中。当然，这种集权与合理分权是分不:@0.135135:0.659547:0.881125:0.659547:0.881125:0.643462:0.135135:0.643462:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
开的，集权不是一切都握在一人手中。我们不必担心这种集权会毫无限制，现在限制:@0.135135:0.684102:0.881255:0.684102:0.881255:0.668017:0.135135:0.668017:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
权力的不光有制度、组织、法律，还有文化、百姓、舆论、民情，执政者自我约束的:@0.135135:0.708657:0.881195:0.708657:0.881195:0.692572:0.135135:0.692572:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023
水平、理性、智慧，等等。:@0.135135:0.733211:0.375406:0.733211:0.375406:0.717127:0.135135:0.717127:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
说到长期执政，说到延长政治领导人的任期，就难免要说到终身制。不知为什么，:@0.175676:0.757766:0.891093:0.757766:0.891093:0.741682:0.175676:0.741682:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018225:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018225:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018225:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
终身制被许多党和国家打入冷宫，但我独不明白一个问题，这个问题跟我上面说的百:@0.135135:0.782321:0.881125:0.782321:0.881125:0.766236:0.135135:0.766236:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
年老店有异曲同趣之妙：美国最高法院的法官是终身制，还有很多资本主义国家的大:@0.135135:0.806876:0.881125:0.806876:0.881125:0.790791:0.135135:0.790791:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
法官都是终身制，为什么？日本的国家元首是天皇，天皇不是终身制吗？英国的国家:@0.135135:0.831431:0.881095:0.831431:0.881095:0.815346:0.135135:0.815346:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
元首是国王，英国的国王不也是终身制吗？印度的宪法也没有对总理任期的限制，理:@0.135135:0.855985:0.881255:0.855985:0.881255:0.839901:0.135135:0.839901:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020023
论上讲可以无限制连任。:@0.135135:0.880540:0.355383:0.880540:0.355383:0.864456:0.135135:0.864456:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
2018:@0.351118:0.881580:0.391163:0.881580:0.391163:0.862860:0.351118:0.862860:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
年， 岁的马哈蒂尔还再度出任马来西亚总理，而之前，:@0.395108:0.880540:0.891090:0.880540:0.891090:0.864456:0.395108:0.864456:0.020023:0.020023:0.019702:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.015762:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
93:@0.430888:0.881580:0.450911:0.881580:0.450911:0.862860:0.430888:0.862860:0.010011:0.010011
他已经干过五任了。中国人民的大救星毛主席是终身制，可他赢得了世世代代中国人:@0.135135:0.905095:0.881125:0.905095:0.881125:0.889010:0.135135:0.889010:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023