• 172 •:@0.118919:0.946969:0.160108:0.946969:0.160108:0.932706:0.118919:0.932706:0.005339:0.003814:0.007628:0.007628:0.007628:0.003814:0.005339
On Centralized Democracy —Taking China as an Example:@0.179757:0.081230:0.450417:0.081230:0.450417:0.070402:0.179757:0.070402:0.008261:0.005721:0.002860:0.007631:0.005080:0.005721:0.003181:0.004451:0.005721:0.003181:0.003181:0.004451:0.005080:0.005721:0.002860:0.008261:0.005080:0.008261:0.005721:0.005080:0.004451:0.005721:0.005080:0.005080:0.002860:0.010171:0.005310:0.005721:0.005080:0.003181:0.005721:0.005721:0.002860:0.007631:0.005721:0.003181:0.005721:0.005721:0.002860:0.005721:0.004451:0.002860:0.005721:0.005721:0.002860:0.006991:0.005080:0.005721:0.008261:0.005721:0.003181:0.005080
论集中民主——以中国为例:@0.118811:0.070987:0.324757:0.070987:0.324757:0.057677:0.118811:0.057677:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162
这肯定是在市场机制发挥基础性作用的前提下合理的政府行为。:@0.118919:0.119342:0.679550:0.119342:0.679550:0.103257:0.118919:0.103257:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
自:@0.159460:0.143897:0.179482:0.143897:0.179482:0.127812:0.159460:0.127812:0.020023
2008:@0.183587:0.144937:0.223632:0.144937:0.223632:0.126216:0.183587:0.126216:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
年全球金融危机爆发后的几年里，中国一再利用信贷政策来稳定经济:@0.227736:0.143897:0.824817:0.143897:0.824817:0.127812:0.227736:0.127812:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.016426:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
—:@0.824821:0.143897:0.864866:0.143897:0.864866:0.127812:0.824821:0.127812:0.040045
在出现经济衰退的风险时鼓励银行提供更多贷款，当房地产泡沫面临失控风险时收缩:@0.118919:0.168451:0.864659:0.168451:0.864659:0.152367:0.118919:0.152367:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
信贷。中国政府分别在:@0.118919:0.193006:0.325712:0.193006:0.325712:0.176922:0.118919:0.176922:0.020843:0.020023:0.020843:0.020843:0.020843:0.020843:0.020843:0.020843:0.020843:0.020023
2011:@0.330858:0.194046:0.370160:0.194046:0.370160:0.175326:0.330858:0.175326:0.010011:0.010011:0.009269:0.010011
年、:@0.375368:0.193006:0.415413:0.193006:0.415413:0.176922:0.375368:0.176922:0.020023:0.020023
2013:@0.415413:0.194046:0.455458:0.194046:0.455458:0.175326:0.415413:0.175326:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
年和:@0.460664:0.193006:0.501530:0.193006:0.501530:0.176922:0.460664:0.176922:0.020843:0.020023
2017:@0.506736:0.194046:0.546781:0.194046:0.546781:0.175326:0.506736:0.175326:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
年收紧贷款。:@0.551987:0.193006:0.675405:0.193006:0.675405:0.176922:0.551987:0.176922:0.020843:0.020843:0.020843:0.020843:0.020023:0.020023
2014:@0.675385:0.194046:0.715431:0.194046:0.715431:0.175326:0.675385:0.175326:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
年放松信贷，以:@0.720636:0.193006:0.864899:0.193006:0.864899:0.176922:0.720636:0.176922:0.020843:0.020843:0.020843:0.020843:0.020023:0.020843:0.020023
刺激经济增长。:@0.118919:0.217561:0.259077:0.217561:0.259077:0.201477:0.118919:0.201477:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
2016:@0.254392:0.218601:0.294437:0.218601:0.294437:0.199881:0.254392:0.199881:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
年中国央行下调银行存款准备金率，以刺激信贷扩张。最近（:@0.298261:0.217561:0.824812:0.217561:0.824812:0.201477:0.298261:0.201477:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.015337:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.015335:0.020023:0.015337:0.020023
2018:@0.824812:0.218601:0.864857:0.218601:0.864857:0.199881:0.824812:0.199881:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
年），由于面临与美国贸易战的威胁，央行再次降低了存款准备金率，并用其他政策:@0.118919:0.242116:0.864957:0.242116:0.864957:0.226031:0.118919:0.226031:0.020101:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
调整来鼓励放贷。:@0.118919:0.266671:0.279099:0.266671:0.279099:0.250586:0.118919:0.250586:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
这一切施策，都是在中国共产党的顶层设计和集中统一领导下进行的，是基于全:@0.159460:0.291225:0.864733:0.291225:0.864733:0.275141:0.159460:0.275141:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
中国人民的共同利益做出的决定，没有集中民主和社会主义市场经济体制，就没有这:@0.118919:0.315780:0.864909:0.315780:0.864909:0.299696:0.118919:0.299696:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
一切。而美国的次货危机就是它内部经济结构失衡的问题，而美国政府显然没有这种:@0.118919:0.340335:0.864909:0.340335:0.864909:0.324250:0.118919:0.324250:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
平衡能力。:@0.118919:0.364890:0.219032:0.364890:0.219032:0.348805:0.118919:0.348805:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
毋庸讳言，这些贷款往往会造成浪费，也有可能还会损害生产效率，但它们能挽:@0.159460:0.389444:0.864593:0.389444:0.864593:0.373360:0.159460:0.373360:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
救经济免于跌落悬崖。须知，在中国这样一个大国，在中国目前还很脆弱的经济状况下，:@0.118919:0.413999:0.874876:0.413999:0.874876:0.397915:0.118919:0.397915:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.011715:0.020023:0.020023:0.011715:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.011715:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
是经不起折腾的。:@0.118919:0.438554:0.279099:0.438554:0.279099:0.422469:0.118919:0.422469:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
中国是一个有长期专制主义传统的国家，又经历过长期列宁 斯大林式政治经济:@0.159460:0.463109:0.864914:0.463109:0.864914:0.447024:0.159460:0.447024:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020023:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020023:0.016619:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020283:0.020023
-:@0.691178:0.464149:0.697846:0.464149:0.697846:0.445429:0.691178:0.445429:0.006668
制度的实践，不具有美国那样的市场基础和民主基础，所以我们实行的是社会主义市:@0.118919:0.487664:0.864909:0.487664:0.864909:0.471579:0.118919:0.471579:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
场经济。中国的集中民主与中国的社会主义市场经济在理论上和实践上是一体和高度:@0.118919:0.512218:0.864659:0.512218:0.864659:0.496134:0.118919:0.496134:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
一致的。我们坚持国有经济的主导地位，各种所有制并存，优势互补。中国坚持两只手，:@0.118919:0.536773:0.874876:0.536773:0.874876:0.520689:0.118919:0.520689:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.013792:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.013794:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.013792:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.013792:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
一方面注意发挥市场在资源配置中的决定作用，另一方面更好地发挥政府的应有作用。:@0.118919:0.561328:0.874876:0.561328:0.874876:0.545243:0.118919:0.545243:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.015123:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
市场的决定作用在于个人和经济组织的自由选择，也就是个人与企业的自主权。中国:@0.118919:0.585883:0.864909:0.585883:0.864909:0.569798:0.118919:0.569798:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
政府高度重视并坚定地遵循市场的这种决定作用。但是，这种个人和经济组织的选择:@0.118919:0.610438:0.864909:0.610438:0.864909:0.594353:0.118919:0.594353:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
因为受个人和团体的局限，必然带有一定的盲目性、狭隘性、局限性，而国家的选择:@0.118919:0.634992:0.864879:0.634992:0.864879:0.618908:0.118919:0.618908:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
在资源、条件、人才等各方面比一个个人和一个企业有其不可比拟的优越性和有利条:@0.118919:0.659547:0.864909:0.659547:0.864909:0.643462:0.118919:0.643462:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020183:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
件。因此，为了完善市场的作用，也为了防控市场风险，更好地促进经济发展，实现:@0.118919:0.684102:0.864719:0.684102:0.864719:0.668017:0.118919:0.668017:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
宏观经济的稳定运行，所以中国政府不时地发布一些产业政策指导，必要时也运用行:@0.118919:0.708657:0.864909:0.708657:0.864909:0.692572:0.118919:0.692572:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
政手段和经济手段加以适度干预。:@0.118919:0.733211:0.419257:0.733211:0.419257:0.717127:0.118919:0.717127:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
2019:@0.159460:0.758806:0.199505:0.758806:0.199505:0.740086:0.159460:0.740086:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
年:@0.204610:0.757766:0.224633:0.757766:0.224633:0.741682:0.204610:0.741682:0.020023
12:@0.229739:0.758806:0.249761:0.758806:0.249761:0.740086:0.229739:0.740086:0.010011:0.010011
月:@0.254867:0.757766:0.274889:0.757766:0.274889:0.741682:0.254867:0.741682:0.020023
6:@0.279995:0.758806:0.290006:0.758806:0.290006:0.740086:0.279995:0.740086:0.010011
日，中共中央召开政治局会议，会议决定，切实把党领导经济工:@0.295112:0.757766:0.864874:0.757766:0.864874:0.741682:0.295112:0.741682:0.020023:0.020403:0.020403:0.020403:0.020403:0.020403:0.020403:0.020403:0.020403:0.020403:0.020403:0.020403:0.020023:0.020403:0.020403:0.020403:0.020403:0.020023:0.020403:0.020403:0.020403:0.020403:0.020403:0.020403:0.020403:0.020403:0.020403:0.020023
作的制度优势转为治理效能，全面做好改革发展稳定各项工作，改进领导经济工作的:@0.118919:0.782321:0.864909:0.782321:0.864909:0.766236:0.118919:0.766236:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
方式方法，完善担当作为的激励机制。我们必须看到，改革开放以来，推动中国发展:@0.118919:0.806876:0.864879:0.806876:0.864879:0.790791:0.118919:0.790791:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
的动力之一是从中央到地方各级政府党政领导的干事的动力。原因很简单，鸟无头不:@0.118919:0.831431:0.864909:0.831431:0.864909:0.815346:0.118919:0.815346:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
飞，人无头不走。中国是强力政府，也是投资型政府，政府掌握巨大资源，决定企业:@0.118919:0.855985:0.864719:0.855985:0.864719:0.839901:0.118919:0.839901:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
的命运，所以各级领导和公务员的积极性、创造性对经济发展和民生改善至关重要。:@0.118919:0.880540:0.859753:0.880540:0.859753:0.864456:0.118919:0.864456:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
市场经济就不需要政府了吗？非也！政府参与创新是错误的吗？非也！国有经济:@0.159460:0.905095:0.865054:0.905095:0.865054:0.889010:0.159460:0.889010:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023