• 180 •:@0.118919:0.946969:0.160108:0.946969:0.160108:0.932706:0.118919:0.932706:0.005339:0.003814:0.007628:0.007628:0.007628:0.003814:0.005339
On Centralized Democracy —Taking China as an Example:@0.179757:0.081230:0.450417:0.081230:0.450417:0.070402:0.179757:0.070402:0.008261:0.005721:0.002860:0.007631:0.005080:0.005721:0.003181:0.004451:0.005721:0.003181:0.003181:0.004451:0.005080:0.005721:0.002860:0.008261:0.005080:0.008261:0.005721:0.005080:0.004451:0.005721:0.005080:0.005080:0.002860:0.010171:0.005310:0.005721:0.005080:0.003181:0.005721:0.005721:0.002860:0.007631:0.005721:0.003181:0.005721:0.005721:0.002860:0.005721:0.004451:0.002860:0.005721:0.005721:0.002860:0.006991:0.005080:0.005721:0.008261:0.005721:0.003181:0.005080
论集中民主——以中国为例:@0.118811:0.070987:0.324757:0.070987:0.324757:0.057677:0.118811:0.057677:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162
这十大家族控制着西方的经济命脉。“金钱是权力的脐带”，“政治家是资本家的代:@0.118919:0.119342:0.864803:0.119342:0.864803:0.103257:0.118919:0.103257:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020024:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020105:0.020023:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
言人”，与这些左右西方经济的豪门世家相对应，西方政治的豪门世家也非常普遍。:@0.118919:0.143897:0.864957:0.143897:0.864957:0.127812:0.118919:0.127812:0.020183:0.020101:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023
研究表明，过去:@0.118919:0.168451:0.261179:0.168451:0.261179:0.152367:0.118919:0.152367:0.020443:0.020443:0.020443:0.020023:0.020443:0.020443:0.020023
400:@0.266265:0.169492:0.296299:0.169492:0.296299:0.150771:0.266265:0.150771:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
年里，英格兰基本控制在:@0.301404:0.168451:0.525437:0.168451:0.525437:0.152367:0.301404:0.152367:0.020443:0.020023:0.020443:0.020443:0.020443:0.020443:0.020443:0.020443:0.020443:0.020443:0.020023
1000:@0.530522:0.169492:0.570567:0.169492:0.570567:0.150771:0.530522:0.150771:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
个家庭手中，:@0.575673:0.168451:0.697490:0.168451:0.697490:0.152367:0.575673:0.152367:0.020443:0.020443:0.020443:0.020443:0.020023:0.020023
2500:@0.697470:0.169492:0.737515:0.169492:0.737515:0.150771:0.697470:0.150771:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
个家庭操纵着:@0.742621:0.168451:0.864859:0.168451:0.864859:0.152367:0.742621:0.152367:0.020443:0.020443:0.020443:0.020443:0.020443:0.020023
整个英国。美国政治实际上是由最富有的:@0.118919:0.193006:0.475064:0.193006:0.475064:0.176922:0.118919:0.176922:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.015762:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
60:@0.479004:0.194046:0.499027:0.194046:0.499027:0.175326:0.479004:0.175326:0.010011:0.010011
个家族控制着，亚当斯家族、罗斯福家族、:@0.502971:0.193006:0.874880:0.193006:0.874880:0.176922:0.502971:0.176922:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.015762:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.015764:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
肯尼迪家族、布什家族和克林顿家族并称为美国政坛的“五大豪门”（克林顿家族是:@0.118919:0.217561:0.864957:0.217561:0.864957:0.201477:0.118919:0.201477:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020101:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
非典型意义的政治家族）。在英美，政治上成功的第一法则是选好父母。亚当斯、汉:@0.118919:0.242116:0.864803:0.242116:0.864803:0.226031:0.118919:0.226031:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020105:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020025:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020023
密尔顿、塔夫脱、哈里森、罗斯福、肯尼迪、洛克菲勒，这些大名鼎鼎的姓氏贯穿于:@0.118919:0.266671:0.864879:0.266671:0.864879:0.250586:0.118919:0.250586:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020203:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020203:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023
美国:@0.118919:0.291225:0.159144:0.291225:0.159144:0.275141:0.118919:0.275141:0.020203:0.020023
200:@0.164190:0.292265:0.194224:0.292265:0.194224:0.273545:0.164190:0.273545:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
年历史中。在自诩为民主国家的日本，门阀政治现象更为普遍。鸠山家族、:@0.199269:0.291225:0.865059:0.291225:0.865059:0.275141:0.199269:0.275141:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020023
小泉家族、安倍家族，麻生家族和福田家族并称为日本政坛“五大家族”，自日本明:@0.118919:0.315780:0.864801:0.315780:0.864801:0.299696:0.118919:0.299696:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020105:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
治维新以来的:@0.118919:0.340335:0.241057:0.340335:0.241057:0.324250:0.118919:0.324250:0.020423:0.020423:0.020423:0.020423:0.020423:0.020023
100:@0.246162:0.341375:0.276196:0.341375:0.276196:0.322655:0.246162:0.322655:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
多年间，基本上首相轮流做；:@0.281302:0.340335:0.545599:0.340335:0.545599:0.324250:0.281302:0.324250:0.020423:0.020423:0.020023:0.020423:0.020423:0.020423:0.020423:0.020423:0.020423:0.020423:0.020423:0.020023:0.020023
20:@0.545599:0.341375:0.565622:0.341375:0.565622:0.322655:0.545599:0.322655:0.010011:0.010011
世纪:@0.570728:0.340335:0.611173:0.340335:0.611173:0.324250:0.570728:0.324250:0.020423:0.020023
90:@0.616279:0.341375:0.636301:0.341375:0.636301:0.322655:0.616279:0.322655:0.010011:0.010011
年代以来，除村山富市、:@0.641407:0.340335:0.864859:0.340335:0.864859:0.324250:0.641407:0.324250:0.020423:0.020423:0.020423:0.020023:0.020423:0.020423:0.020423:0.020423:0.020423:0.020023:0.020023
菅直人和野田佳彦之外，其余:@0.118919:0.364890:0.384938:0.364890:0.384938:0.348805:0.118919:0.348805:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020023:0.020543:0.020543:0.020023
11:@0.390064:0.365930:0.409346:0.365930:0.409346:0.347209:0.390064:0.347209:0.009270:0.010011
位首相均出自这五大世家。安倍晋三，来自三代从:@0.414472:0.364890:0.864859:0.364890:0.864859:0.348805:0.414472:0.348805:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020023:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020023:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020023
政的安倍世家。冷战后历任内阁中，平均有一半的阁僚来自不同的政治世家，而日本:@0.118919:0.389444:0.865039:0.389444:0.865039:0.373360:0.118919:0.373360:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
的自民党由于世袭议员众多:@0.118919:0.413999:0.359189:0.413999:0.359189:0.397915:0.118919:0.397915:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
—:@0.359189:0.413999:0.399235:0.413999:0.399235:0.397915:0.359189:0.397915:0.040045
300:@0.399235:0.415039:0.429268:0.415039:0.429268:0.396319:0.399235:0.396319:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
余名议员中，属于“直系世袭”的达:@0.433613:0.413999:0.746051:0.413999:0.746051:0.397915:0.433613:0.397915:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.017381:0.020023:0.017381:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.017381:0.020023:0.020023
100:@0.750390:0.415039:0.780424:0.415039:0.780424:0.396319:0.750390:0.396319:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
多人:@0.784769:0.413999:0.824814:0.413999:0.824814:0.397915:0.784769:0.397915:0.020023:0.020023
—:@0.824821:0.413999:0.864866:0.413999:0.864866:0.397915:0.824821:0.397915:0.040045
而被称为“世袭党”。政治世家通过经营各种资源，按照隐性的游戏规则复制着一代:@0.118919:0.438554:0.864957:0.438554:0.864957:0.422469:0.118919:0.422469:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020101:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
又一代“权贵”，使家族的政治遗产得以绵延不断地传承。金钱政治为政治世家的形:@0.118919:0.463109:0.864957:0.463109:0.864957:0.447024:0.118919:0.447024:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020101:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
成提供了便利，利益集团加剧权力世袭。当权者不仅需要回馈这些利益集团，还需要:@0.118919:0.487664:0.865039:0.487664:0.865039:0.471579:0.118919:0.471579:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
用实际行动与这些利益集团结成一种政商同盟的关系。美国等西方国家的民主政治事:@0.118919:0.512218:0.864659:0.512218:0.864659:0.496134:0.118919:0.496134:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
实上成了“有钱人才能玩得起的游戏”。这一点，:@0.118919:0.536773:0.565372:0.536773:0.565372:0.520689:0.118919:0.520689:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020023:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020193:0.020023:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020023:0.020023
100:@0.565362:0.537813:0.595395:0.537813:0.595395:0.519093:0.565362:0.519093:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
多年前的美国和今天的美国是:@0.600481:0.536773:0.864859:0.536773:0.864859:0.520689:0.600481:0.520689:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020023
一样一样的。以:@0.118919:0.561328:0.257443:0.561328:0.257443:0.545243:0.118919:0.545243:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023
2020:@0.262040:0.562368:0.302085:0.562368:0.302085:0.543648:0.262040:0.543648:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
年美国总统和国会选举为例，此次选举总支出高达:@0.306690:0.561328:0.745552:0.561328:0.745552:0.545243:0.306690:0.545243:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
140:@0.750150:0.562368:0.780183:0.562368:0.780183:0.543648:0.750150:0.543648:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
亿美元，:@0.784789:0.561328:0.864879:0.561328:0.864879:0.545243:0.784789:0.545243:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
是:@0.118919:0.585883:0.138942:0.585883:0.138942:0.569798:0.118919:0.569798:0.020023
2016:@0.142365:0.586923:0.182410:0.586923:0.182410:0.568203:0.142365:0.568203:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
年的 倍和:@0.185834:0.585883:0.282783:0.585883:0.282783:0.569798:0.185834:0.569798:0.020023:0.020023:0.016859:0.020023:0.020023
2:@0.229303:0.586923:0.239315:0.586923:0.239315:0.568203:0.229303:0.568203:0.010011
2008:@0.286207:0.586923:0.326252:0.586923:0.326252:0.568203:0.286207:0.568203:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
年的 倍。其中，总统选举花费再创历史新高，达到:@0.329676:0.585883:0.767978:0.585883:0.767978:0.569798:0.329676:0.569798:0.020023:0.020023:0.016859:0.020023:0.013671:0.020023:0.020023:0.013671:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.013671:0.020023:0.020023
3:@0.373145:0.586923:0.383156:0.586923:0.383156:0.568203:0.373145:0.568203:0.010011
66:@0.771394:0.586923:0.791416:0.586923:0.791416:0.568203:0.771394:0.568203:0.010011:0.010011
亿美元，:@0.794840:0.585883:0.874930:0.585883:0.874930:0.569798:0.794840:0.569798:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
国会选举花销超过:@0.118919:0.610438:0.279099:0.610438:0.279099:0.594353:0.118919:0.594353:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
70:@0.284105:0.611478:0.304128:0.611478:0.304128:0.592757:0.284105:0.592757:0.010011:0.010011
亿美元。:@0.309133:0.610438:0.389223:0.610438:0.389223:0.594353:0.309133:0.594353:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
在美国的制度设计中，一部分腐败行为被合法化了。不仅利益集团向候选人提供:@0.159460:0.634992:0.864733:0.634992:0.864733:0.618908:0.159460:0.618908:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
政治献金是合法的，当权者利用一部分官职来回馈支持者也是合法的。总统能够完全:@0.118919:0.659547:0.864909:0.659547:0.864909:0.643462:0.118919:0.643462:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
按照自己的意愿组建自己庞大的幕僚团队，“一朝天子一朝臣”、任人唯亲极为普遍:@0.118919:0.684102:0.864957:0.684102:0.864957:0.668017:0.118919:0.668017:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020101:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
而且合法，美国现在的法律对公司及个人的政治捐款已经不设限了。据统计，:@0.118919:0.708657:0.803289:0.708657:0.803289:0.692572:0.118919:0.692572:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020023:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020023:0.020143:0.020143:0.020143:0.020023:0.020023
91%:@0.803109:0.709697:0.839811:0.709697:0.839811:0.690976:0.803109:0.690976:0.010011:0.010011:0.016679
的:@0.844836:0.708657:0.864859:0.708657:0.864859:0.692572:0.844836:0.692572:0.020023
美国国会选举都是由获得最多资金支持的候选人赢得的，这些所谓“民意代表”成功:@0.118919:0.733211:0.865115:0.733211:0.865115:0.717127:0.118919:0.717127:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020099:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
当选后，即化身为既得利益的代言人，而不是为普通民众发声。:@0.118919:0.757766:0.687721:0.757766:0.687721:0.741682:0.118919:0.741682:0.020363:0.020363:0.020025:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020023:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020023:0.020023
100:@0.687859:0.758806:0.717893:0.758806:0.717893:0.740086:0.687859:0.740086:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
多年前，美国俄:@0.722979:0.757766:0.864841:0.757766:0.864841:0.741682:0.722979:0.741682:0.020363:0.020363:0.020024:0.020363:0.020363:0.020363:0.020023
亥俄州共和党联邦参议员马克·汉纳就说：“在政界，有两样东西很重要，第一是金钱，:@0.118919:0.782321:0.874876:0.782321:0.874876:0.766236:0.118919:0.766236:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.017530:0.017532:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.017530:0.012546:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.015039:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.015037:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
第二个我就不记得了。”所以说美国的民主就是钱主。“选时有民主、选完没民主”，:@0.118919:0.806876:0.874876:0.806876:0.874876:0.790791:0.118919:0.790791:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.019206:0.019208:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.019206:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.019206:0.020023
“不选不满意，选了还是不满意”，选举完全失去了意义。:@0.118919:0.831431:0.639505:0.831431:0.639505:0.815346:0.118919:0.815346:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
16:@0.159460:0.857025:0.179482:0.857025:0.179482:0.838305:0.159460:0.838305:0.010011:0.010011
世纪以来，即工业革命以后，在西方社会，资本取代一切，取得了支配一切包:@0.184468:0.855985:0.864868:0.855985:0.864868:0.839901:0.184468:0.839901:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.019930:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.019933:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.019930:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.019930:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
括支配政治的地位，被阉割过的“民主制”:@0.118919:0.880540:0.501826:0.880540:0.501826:0.864456:0.118919:0.864456:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020099:0.020023
—:@0.502018:0.880540:0.542063:0.880540:0.542063:0.864456:0.502018:0.864456:0.040045
竞争性选举的代议制逐渐被资本塑造:@0.542216:0.880540:0.864979:0.880540:0.864979:0.864456:0.542216:0.864456:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
成为“普世”的现代政体。二战后到:@0.118919:0.905095:0.441530:0.905095:0.441530:0.889010:0.118919:0.889010:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020111:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023
20:@0.446568:0.906135:0.466590:0.906135:0.466590:0.887415:0.446568:0.887415:0.010011:0.010011
世纪:@0.471636:0.905095:0.511861:0.905095:0.511861:0.889010:0.471636:0.889010:0.020203:0.020023
80:@0.516907:0.906135:0.536930:0.906135:0.536930:0.887415:0.516907:0.887415:0.010011:0.010011
年代之前，竞争性选举体系在欧美可:@0.541975:0.905095:0.864859:0.905095:0.864859:0.889010:0.541975:0.889010:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023