• 264 •:@0.118919:0.946969:0.160108:0.946969:0.160108:0.932706:0.118919:0.932706:0.005339:0.003814:0.007628:0.007628:0.007628:0.003814:0.005339
On Centralized Democracy —Taking China as an Example:@0.179757:0.081230:0.450417:0.081230:0.450417:0.070402:0.179757:0.070402:0.008261:0.005721:0.002860:0.007631:0.005080:0.005721:0.003181:0.004451:0.005721:0.003181:0.003181:0.004451:0.005080:0.005721:0.002860:0.008261:0.005080:0.008261:0.005721:0.005080:0.004451:0.005721:0.005080:0.005080:0.002860:0.010171:0.005310:0.005721:0.005080:0.003181:0.005721:0.005721:0.002860:0.007631:0.005721:0.003181:0.005721:0.005721:0.002860:0.005721:0.004451:0.002860:0.005721:0.005721:0.002860:0.006991:0.005080:0.005721:0.008261:0.005721:0.003181:0.005080
论集中民主——以中国为例:@0.118811:0.070987:0.324757:0.070987:0.324757:0.057677:0.118811:0.057677:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162
制度本身固有的。所以，只有进入共产主义，生产力极大提高，财富极大增加，觉悟:@0.118919:0.119342:0.864719:0.119342:0.864719:0.103257:0.118919:0.103257:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
极大提高，完全可以各尽所能，按需分配，中共的腐败自然也就消除了。而在此之前，:@0.118919:0.143913:0.874876:0.143913:0.874876:0.127829:0.118919:0.127829:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018797:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018799:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018797:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018797:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
是无法根本消除的。但随着社会进步，中共自身的努力，腐败逐步减少则是可以期待的。:@0.118919:0.168485:0.874876:0.168485:0.874876:0.152400:0.118919:0.152400:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.011715:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.011715:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.011715:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
对此我们应有信心。:@0.118919:0.193056:0.299122:0.193056:0.299122:0.176972:0.118919:0.176972:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
四、中国的集中民主与法治:@0.156757:0.232321:0.431352:0.232321:0.431352:0.214003:0.156757:0.214003:0.022883:0.022883:0.022883:0.022883:0.022883:0.022883:0.022883:0.022883:0.022883:0.022883:0.022883:0.022883
这一节我准备谈两个主题，一个就是集中民主与法治，第二个主题是集中民主与:@0.159460:0.266238:0.864732:0.266238:0.864732:0.250153:0.159460:0.250153:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020021:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
德治、情治、理治、法治、人治。现在先谈第一个主题，中国的集中民主与法制。:@0.118919:0.290809:0.839730:0.290809:0.839730:0.274724:0.118919:0.274724:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
西方不断有人说中国没有法治。这方面我首先要说，法治是随民情而走的，政治:@0.159460:0.315380:0.864593:0.315380:0.864593:0.299296:0.159460:0.299296:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
讲需要。新中国成立后到改革开放前，中国在法律建设方面确实缺课很多，只有宪法、:@0.118919:0.339952:0.874876:0.339952:0.874876:0.323867:0.118919:0.323867:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018391:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
婚姻法等少数几部法律，但中国的治安和社会情况良好，法律建设并不是当时急需。:@0.118919:0.364523:0.865039:0.364523:0.865039:0.348439:0.118919:0.348439:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023
改革开放后，由于情况复杂，中国加快了法制建设，中国现在已有法律:@0.118919:0.389095:0.744483:0.389095:0.744483:0.373010:0.118919:0.373010:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023
270:@0.749349:0.390135:0.779383:0.390135:0.779383:0.371414:0.749349:0.371414:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
多部、行:@0.784428:0.389095:0.864877:0.389095:0.864877:0.373010:0.784428:0.373010:0.020203:0.020021:0.020203:0.020023
政法规:@0.118919:0.413666:0.179387:0.413666:0.179387:0.397582:0.118919:0.397582:0.020223:0.020223:0.020023
700:@0.184453:0.414706:0.214487:0.414706:0.214487:0.395986:0.184453:0.395986:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
多部、地方性法规:@0.219552:0.413666:0.380934:0.413666:0.380934:0.397582:0.219552:0.397582:0.020223:0.020023:0.020223:0.020223:0.020223:0.020223:0.020223:0.020023
12000:@0.386020:0.414706:0.436076:0.414706:0.436076:0.395986:0.386020:0.395986:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
多部，科学立法、严格执法、公正司法、全民守:@0.441142:0.413666:0.864819:0.413666:0.864819:0.397582:0.441142:0.397582:0.020223:0.020023:0.020223:0.020223:0.020223:0.020223:0.020023:0.020223:0.020223:0.020223:0.020223:0.020023:0.020223:0.020223:0.020223:0.020223:0.020023:0.020223:0.020223:0.020223:0.020023
法明显加强，中国特色社会主义法治体系日益完善。实践证明，中国特色社会主义制:@0.118919:0.438238:0.865039:0.438238:0.865039:0.422153:0.118919:0.422153:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
度和国家治理体系能够使全面依法治国贯穿国家治理全过程，充分体现最广大人民的:@0.118919:0.462809:0.864659:0.462809:0.864659:0.446724:0.118919:0.446724:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
根本利益，有力保障法律面前人人平等、实现社会公平正义，真正造福人民、保护人民。:@0.118919:0.487380:0.874876:0.487380:0.874876:0.471296:0.118919:0.471296:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.013792:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.013794:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.013792:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.013792:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
我们看到中国的这些法律和治理还很不完善，但这些已足以向历史和世人表明，中国:@0.118919:0.511952:0.864909:0.511952:0.864909:0.495867:0.118919:0.495867:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
人的法制与中国人的民主与自由都是史无前例的！:@0.118919:0.536523:0.559415:0.536523:0.559415:0.520439:0.118919:0.520439:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
全面依法治国是坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的本质要求和重要保障。改革开放:@0.159460:0.561095:0.864874:0.561095:0.864874:0.545010:0.159460:0.545010:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
以来，我们一直在探索以法治国，不断总结法治建设的经验教训，也在不断学习吸收:@0.118919:0.585666:0.865039:0.585666:0.865039:0.569582:0.118919:0.569582:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
西方法治的有益经验。但我要说，法律不可能面面俱到，凡事皆有度，没有法律，社:@0.118919:0.610238:0.864719:0.610238:0.864719:0.594153:0.118919:0.594153:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020023
会将失序或罪恶丛生，法制过了头，也会摧毁效率、公平、自由和正义。我们要坚持:@0.118919:0.634809:0.864719:0.634809:0.864719:0.618724:0.118919:0.618724:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
依法治国，但在关乎民心向背和国家核心利益的某些重大问题上，或某些重要关头，:@0.118919:0.659381:0.865039:0.659381:0.865039:0.643296:0.118919:0.643296:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023
在不违背法制精神的前提下，一定要有代表全体人民做出政治决定的空间，而不能陷:@0.118919:0.683952:0.864909:0.683952:0.864909:0.667867:0.118919:0.667867:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
入“法条主义”。依法治国不是“司法化”，“法条主义”也是一种教条主义！在一:@0.118919:0.708523:0.864889:0.708523:0.864889:0.692439:0.118919:0.692439:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020113:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020113:0.020023:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020113:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023
些西方国家，“法条主义”和“司法化”使得治国成本非常之高，且弊端多多，许多:@0.118919:0.733095:0.864887:0.733095:0.864887:0.717010:0.118919:0.717010:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020203:0.020193:0.020107:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020203:0.020107:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020203:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023
改革难以进行。人民是复杂的，人性也是复杂的，国情更是复杂的，治理中国这样一:@0.118919:0.757666:0.864879:0.757666:0.864879:0.741582:0.118919:0.741582:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
个超大型的、相当于:@0.118919:0.782238:0.300243:0.782238:0.300243:0.766153:0.118919:0.766153:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
100:@0.305349:0.783278:0.335383:0.783278:0.335383:0.764558:0.305349:0.764558:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
个欧洲普通国家的大国，不可能一切都按法条办事，也不可:@0.340428:0.782238:0.864699:0.782238:0.864699:0.766153:0.340428:0.766153:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
能有那么精细的法条供人们遵循。我们的眼光要超出西方法治模式。西方有法，但对:@0.118919:0.806809:0.865039:0.806809:0.865039:0.790725:0.118919:0.790725:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
造成金融危机的金融大鳄不但没有绳之以法，而且“依法”付给他们上亿美元的奖金，:@0.118919:0.831381:0.874876:0.831381:0.874876:0.815296:0.118919:0.815296:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023:0.018391:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
引起美国社会的公愤！这是什么法治？难道这是社会正义？再比如，美国多数民众认:@0.118919:0.855952:0.864879:0.855952:0.864879:0.839868:0.118919:0.839868:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
为枪支要有某种管理，才能减少枪击案，减少对平民带来的伤害。但这需要修宪，而:@0.118919:0.880524:0.864879:0.880524:0.864879:0.864439:0.118919:0.864439:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020023
美国的修宪有一整套程序，在美国现有的政治环境中几乎是不可能做到的。所以我们:@0.118919:0.905095:0.864901:0.905095:0.864901:0.889010:0.118919:0.889010:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020024:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023