﻿• 24 •:@0.118919:0.946969:0.152481:0.946969:0.152481:0.932706:0.118919:0.932706:0.005339:0.003814:0.007628:0.007628:0.003814:0.005339
On Centralized Democracy —Taking China as an Example:@0.179757:0.081230:0.450417:0.081230:0.450417:0.070402:0.179757:0.070402:0.008261:0.005721:0.002860:0.007631:0.005080:0.005721:0.003181:0.004451:0.005721:0.003181:0.003181:0.004451:0.005080:0.005721:0.002860:0.008261:0.005080:0.008261:0.005721:0.005080:0.004451:0.005721:0.005080:0.005080:0.002860:0.010171:0.005310:0.005721:0.005080:0.003181:0.005721:0.005721:0.002860:0.007631:0.005721:0.003181:0.005721:0.005721:0.002860:0.005721:0.004451:0.002860:0.005721:0.005721:0.002860:0.006991:0.005080:0.005721:0.008261:0.005721:0.003181:0.005080
论集中民主——以中国为例:@0.118811:0.070987:0.324757:0.070987:0.324757:0.057677:0.118811:0.057677:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162
入实际做调查研究，都要经过几轮由下而上、由上而下的反复讨论和可行性研究，都:@0.118919:0.119342:0.865039:0.119342:0.865039:0.103257:0.118919:0.103257:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020023
要经过党的政策研究部门和政府的政策研究部门、政协以及民间有关智库的反复咨询:@0.118919:0.143897:0.864659:0.143897:0.864659:0.127812:0.118919:0.127812:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
和论证，都要分很多专题进行认真的理论研究并形成专家报告，然后才作出正式决定，:@0.118919:0.168451:0.874876:0.168451:0.874876:0.152367:0.118919:0.152367:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.017574:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.017572:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
有的还要经过小试、中试、终试才推至全国，还要跟踪、督查，发现错误随时纠正。:@0.118919:0.193006:0.864879:0.193006:0.864879:0.176922:0.118919:0.176922:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020203:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020203:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020023
形成了一整套制度化的程序保障和规则保障。像“京津冀都市圈”这样的国家战略，:@0.118919:0.217561:0.864959:0.217561:0.864959:0.201477:0.118919:0.201477:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020103:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023
其论证都超过了:@0.118919:0.242116:0.259077:0.242116:0.259077:0.226031:0.118919:0.226031:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
20:@0.264082:0.243156:0.284105:0.243156:0.284105:0.224436:0.264082:0.224436:0.010011:0.010011
年。:@0.289111:0.242116:0.329156:0.242116:0.329156:0.226031:0.289111:0.226031:0.020023:0.020023
⑥监督保障。中国各级政治协商会议，忠实履行民主监督、参政议政……；中央:@0.159460:0.266671:0.864894:0.266671:0.864894:0.250586:0.159460:0.250586:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
纪委监委对党和国家工作人员的违纪违法行为始终保持高压态势……；中央的各种巡:@0.118919:0.291225:0.864909:0.291225:0.864909:0.275141:0.118919:0.275141:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
视制度显示了足够的威慑和纠错功能……；各级信访部门及时上通下达，化解矛盾纠:@0.118919:0.315780:0.865039:0.315780:0.865039:0.299696:0.118919:0.299696:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
纷。除此之外，还有舆论监督，网络监督，确保各种民意都能上达，这是人民权力的:@0.118919:0.340335:0.864719:0.340335:0.864719:0.324250:0.118919:0.324250:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
重要保障。:@0.118919:0.364890:0.219032:0.364890:0.219032:0.348805:0.118919:0.348805:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
当今，人类社会正在进入未来发展模式和发展道路，意识形态、社会制度的大批:@0.159460:0.389444:0.864593:0.389444:0.864593:0.373360:0.159460:0.373360:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
判、大讨论时代已经到来。在世界经济低迷不振、全球新冠肺炎形势严峻、西方国家:@0.118919:0.413999:0.864879:0.413999:0.864879:0.397915:0.118919:0.397915:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
民主乱象横生，人们对社会主义和资本主义重新认识的关键时期，重新认识民主，从:@0.118919:0.438554:0.865039:0.438554:0.865039:0.422469:0.118919:0.422469:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020023
而构建社会主义长盛不衰的强大基础，其重要性无论如何都不过分。集中民主是就国:@0.118919:0.463109:0.864909:0.463109:0.864909:0.447024:0.118919:0.447024:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
计民生等重大问题，在决策之前和决策实施之中及至之后的跟踪检查总结评比的全过:@0.118919:0.487664:0.864659:0.487664:0.864659:0.471579:0.118919:0.471579:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
程中，广泛听取各方意见，努力形成一致共识的重要的民主形式和决策方式，是实现:@0.118919:0.512218:0.865039:0.512218:0.865039:0.496134:0.118919:0.496134:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
党的领导的重要方式方法，是我国社会主义民主政治的特有形式和独特优势，是植根:@0.118919:0.536773:0.864893:0.536773:0.864893:0.520689:0.118919:0.520689:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020024:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020025:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
于中国优秀文化的伟大创造。集中民主源自中华民族从古以来天下为公、兼容并蓄、:@0.118919:0.561328:0.865039:0.561328:0.865039:0.545243:0.118919:0.545243:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023
求同存异等优秀的政治文化，来自中国共产党领导人民进行革命、战争、建设、改革、:@0.118919:0.585883:0.874876:0.585883:0.874876:0.569798:0.118919:0.569798:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018797:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018799:0.020023:0.020023:0.018797:0.020023:0.020023:0.018797:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
开放的长期实践，来自中国各民族、各团体、各阶层、各党派、各界人士在政治制度:@0.118919:0.610438:0.864719:0.610438:0.864719:0.594353:0.118919:0.594353:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
上共同实现的伟大创造。中国式集中民主是把自上而下与自下而上结合起来的民主，:@0.118919:0.634992:0.864909:0.634992:0.864909:0.618908:0.118919:0.618908:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020023
是一种与自由民主截然不同的有组织、有领导、有秩序的民主。是全过程民主，而不:@0.118919:0.659547:0.864879:0.659547:0.864879:0.643462:0.118919:0.643462:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
仅仅是某一个节点上的民主，是实质性的民主，而不仅仅是程序上、形式上的民主。:@0.118919:0.684102:0.864879:0.684102:0.864879:0.668017:0.118919:0.668017:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023
其独特优势体现在既坚持了中国共产党的领导，又发挥了各方面的积极性和积极作用，:@0.118919:0.708657:0.874876:0.708657:0.874876:0.692572:0.118919:0.692572:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.015123:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
有效克服党派和利益集团为自己的利益固执己见、排除异己、恶性竞争甚至相互倾轧:@0.118919:0.733211:0.864909:0.733211:0.864909:0.717127:0.118919:0.717127:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
的弊端，确保决策代表人民的根本利益、长远利益，确保民主政治的正确方向；既克:@0.118919:0.757766:0.864879:0.757766:0.864879:0.741682:0.118919:0.741682:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
服了人民群众在国家政治生活和社会治理中无法表达、难以参与的问题，又确保了决:@0.118919:0.782321:0.864909:0.782321:0.864909:0.766236:0.118919:0.766236:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
策依法开展、有序进行，防止议而不决、决而不行；既坚持了人民主体地位和人民民:@0.118919:0.806876:0.864879:0.806876:0.864879:0.790791:0.118919:0.790791:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
主原则，又有效克服了决策者情况不明、自以为是，以及共识不高、无法落实的弊端，:@0.118919:0.831431:0.874876:0.831431:0.874876:0.815346:0.118919:0.815346:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018797:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018799:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018797:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018797:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
凝聚和集中了全社会推进进步事业的智慧和力量。集中民主保证了人民当家作主的权:@0.118919:0.855985:0.864659:0.855985:0.864659:0.839901:0.118919:0.839901:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
利，丰富了民主的形式，拓展了民主的渠道，深化了民主的内涵，提升了民主的品质，:@0.118919:0.880540:0.874876:0.880540:0.874876:0.864456:0.118919:0.864456:0.020023:0.018797:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018799:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018797:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018797:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
是真正的人民民主。坚持和加强集中民主，有利于扩大人民群众有序参与政治、更好:@0.118919:0.905095:0.865039:0.905095:0.865039:0.889010:0.118919:0.889010:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023