• 359 •:@0.839890:0.946969:0.881079:0.946969:0.881079:0.932706:0.839890:0.932706:0.005339:0.003814:0.007628:0.007628:0.007628:0.003814:0.005339
 :@0.000973:0.067670:0.005263:0.067670:0.005263:0.051624:0.000973:0.051624:0.004291
» :@0.642061:0.071740:0.654933:0.071740:0.654933:0.055694:0.642061:0.055694:0.008581:0.004291
第九章 集中民主与天下归一:@0.654933:0.072126:0.869460:0.072126:0.869460:0.058778:0.654933:0.058778:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.008581:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162
  :@0.706419:0.073066:0.715001:0.073066:0.715001:0.057020:0.706419:0.057020:0.004291:0.004291
 :@0.869460:0.073066:0.873751:0.073066:0.873751:0.057020:0.869460:0.057020:0.004291
人无头不走。谁来总结，谁来带领我们前进？当下突出难题就在于没有一个有效和合:@0.135135:0.119342:0.881255:0.119342:0.881255:0.103257:0.135135:0.103257:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
法的世界政府，国际社会没有一个集中统一领导，在这种相对无政府的国际环境中，:@0.135135:0.143897:0.881255:0.143897:0.881255:0.127812:0.135135:0.127812:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023
人类所面临的挑战、威胁和风险在日益加大。:@0.135135:0.168451:0.535586:0.168451:0.535586:0.152367:0.135135:0.152367:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
我在本书前面论述国家层面的集中民主时，曾经引证黑格尔的有机体理论。黑格:@0.175676:0.193006:0.880950:0.193006:0.880950:0.176922:0.175676:0.176922:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
尔把人类文明史视为民族文化的延续史，在他看来，民族国家是政治单位的最高形式，:@0.135135:0.217561:0.891092:0.217561:0.891092:0.201477:0.135135:0.201477:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.017574:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.017572:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
“多民族精神”:@0.135135:0.242116:0.276170:0.242116:0.276170:0.226031:0.135135:0.226031:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020099:0.020023
—:@0.276438:0.242116:0.316483:0.242116:0.316483:0.226031:0.276438:0.226031:0.040045
使一个民族呈现出众多的、整体性的，有生命力的和不断发展的:@0.316635:0.242116:0.881271:0.242116:0.881271:0.226031:0.316635:0.226031:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
有机体的特征。在这一有机体当中，局部（如个人、组织、地区和政党）必须服从于:@0.135135:0.266671:0.880859:0.266671:0.880859:0.250586:0.135135:0.250586:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020107:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
整体。缺少这种从属关系便会导致无政府状态和骚乱。真正的自由只能在民族国家严:@0.135135:0.291225:0.881125:0.291225:0.881125:0.275141:0.135135:0.275141:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
格的纪律规范下才能实现，国家（及其政府）因此表现为民族意志和民族命运的化身。:@0.135135:0.315780:0.891092:0.315780:0.891092:0.299696:0.135135:0.299696:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023:0.018391:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
历史被看作是遵循有机体规律的发展进程，它不受个人意志的左右。因此，黑格尔总:@0.135135:0.340335:0.881255:0.340335:0.881255:0.324250:0.135135:0.324250:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
结道：真正的政治天才存在于那些知晓将民族国家的生存、成长和繁荣等等更高的原:@0.135135:0.364890:0.881125:0.364890:0.881125:0.348805:0.135135:0.348805:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
则统一起来的人们中间。然而，从全球层次上看，由于权力分掌在各民族国家手中，:@0.135135:0.389444:0.881095:0.389444:0.881095:0.373360:0.135135:0.373360:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023
其后果是，目前的联合国及各种专门机构，无力控制和调和国际冲突，因此，战争频:@0.135135:0.413999:0.881095:0.413999:0.881095:0.397915:0.135135:0.397915:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
频爆发。如果我把这段话中的“有机体”换成“人类命运共同体”，把“民族国家”:@0.135135:0.438554:0.881277:0.438554:0.881277:0.422469:0.135135:0.422469:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020111:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020111:0.020023:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020109:0.020023
换成“世界政府”，黑格尔的这个理论完全适用于在全球实行统一领导和集中民主的:@0.135135:0.463109:0.881333:0.463109:0.881333:0.447024:0.135135:0.447024:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020099:0.020024:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
理论。:@0.135135:0.487664:0.195203:0.487664:0.195203:0.471579:0.135135:0.471579:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
全球问题需要全球解决，面对人口增长、环境恶化、资源日减、民粹主义蜂起、:@0.175676:0.512218:0.881110:0.512218:0.881110:0.496134:0.175676:0.496134:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023
恐怖主义猖獗等全球性挑战，没有一个全球性的集中统一领导和协调一致，人类终将:@0.135135:0.536773:0.881125:0.536773:0.881125:0.520689:0.135135:0.520689:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
面临灭顶之灾！而这些问题中的任何一个问题的解决，都离不开集中民主，都需要集:@0.135135:0.561328:0.881255:0.561328:0.881255:0.545243:0.135135:0.545243:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
中民主，需要集思广益、统一领导、统一设计、统一规划、统筹兼顾。如想从根本上:@0.135135:0.585883:0.881095:0.585883:0.881095:0.569798:0.135135:0.569798:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020203:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020203:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023
解决贫富差距问题，除非建立全球性的再分配制度，否则这种差距只能导致国际冲突:@0.135135:0.610438:0.881125:0.610438:0.881125:0.594353:0.135135:0.594353:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
的增加；如果想在对抗气候变化的影响方面取得任何进展，唯一的途径就是所有国家:@0.135135:0.634992:0.881125:0.634992:0.881125:0.618908:0.135135:0.618908:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
在一个框架下共同努力。像目前这样随便即可退群、撕毁协议，怎么解决这些问题？:@0.135135:0.659547:0.881095:0.659547:0.881095:0.643462:0.135135:0.643462:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023
设想如果任何一个国家都可以随便毁约、退群，人类怎么能统一，何日才能实现大同？:@0.135135:0.684102:0.881081:0.684102:0.881081:0.668017:0.135135:0.668017:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.015053:0.020023:0.020023:0.015053:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.015051:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
如果有某个野心家为一己之私，想独霸一方，挟持人类，却没有一个国家能够制约它，:@0.135135:0.708657:0.891092:0.708657:0.891092:0.692572:0.135135:0.692572:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018391:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
人类怎么能够和平共处，人类命运共同体何日能够建成？:@0.135135:0.733211:0.635699:0.733211:0.635699:0.717127:0.135135:0.717127:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
从资源利用和人类延续来说，我们需要建立确保整个人类生存所必需的资源的机:@0.175676:0.757766:0.881090:0.757766:0.881090:0.741682:0.175676:0.741682:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
制，而集中民主制度就是一种最有效地利用人类资源的体制机制。地球的资源和承载:@0.135135:0.782321:0.881125:0.782321:0.881125:0.766236:0.135135:0.766236:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
力是有限的，人类的认识和行动能力也是有限的，这两大限制都要求人类尽快尽早实:@0.135135:0.806876:0.881125:0.806876:0.881125:0.790791:0.135135:0.790791:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
现集中民主和集中统一领导。就拿建立空间站来说，如果实行集中统一领导，人类就:@0.135135:0.831431:0.881255:0.831431:0.881255:0.815346:0.135135:0.815346:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
只建一个空间站，集中最优秀的科学家和航天员，岂不节省人力、物力和资源，而且:@0.135135:0.855985:0.881095:0.855985:0.881095:0.839901:0.135135:0.839901:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
大大加快速度，避免重复建设。从集中人类智慧来说，一国的智力是有限的，集中全:@0.135135:0.880540:0.881097:0.880540:0.881097:0.864456:0.135135:0.864456:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020024:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
球的智慧和力量许多难题就会迎刃而解。世界需要更多更长远的预算和计划，比如生:@0.135135:0.905095:0.881117:0.905095:0.881117:0.889010:0.135135:0.889010:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020025:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023