• 34 •:@0.118919:0.946969:0.152481:0.946969:0.152481:0.932706:0.118919:0.932706:0.005339:0.003814:0.007628:0.007628:0.003814:0.005339
On Centralized Democracy —Taking China as an Example:@0.179757:0.081230:0.450417:0.081230:0.450417:0.070402:0.179757:0.070402:0.008261:0.005721:0.002860:0.007631:0.005080:0.005721:0.003181:0.004451:0.005721:0.003181:0.003181:0.004451:0.005080:0.005721:0.002860:0.008261:0.005080:0.008261:0.005721:0.005080:0.004451:0.005721:0.005080:0.005080:0.002860:0.010171:0.005310:0.005721:0.005080:0.003181:0.005721:0.005721:0.002860:0.007631:0.005721:0.003181:0.005721:0.005721:0.002860:0.005721:0.004451:0.002860:0.005721:0.005721:0.002860:0.006991:0.005080:0.005721:0.008261:0.005721:0.003181:0.005080
论集中民主——以中国为例:@0.118811:0.070987:0.324757:0.070987:0.324757:0.057677:0.118811:0.057677:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162
忠臣，景仰忠臣，“君要臣死，臣不得不死”的忠烈情怀深深地埋在中国人的心中，:@0.118919:0.119342:0.864642:0.119342:0.864642:0.103257:0.118919:0.103257:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020107:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023
这种由历史和习惯创造的道德力量，为统治者提供了强大的伦理支撑，为维护中央权:@0.118919:0.143897:0.864909:0.143897:0.864909:0.127812:0.118919:0.127812:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
威和集中统一领导提供了政治合法性。:@0.118919:0.168451:0.459302:0.168451:0.459302:0.152367:0.118919:0.152367:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
与这种思维有联系的，中国人的文化不仅有官本位，还有一种官越大越能得到信:@0.159460:0.193006:0.864733:0.193006:0.864733:0.176922:0.159460:0.176922:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
任的文化心理。所以，无论是打官司还是办事情，老百姓总是要找一把手。这种文化:@0.118919:0.217561:0.864879:0.217561:0.864879:0.201477:0.118919:0.201477:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
心理无疑有利于集权的自然性、合理性和合情性，使得集权得到普通百姓的普遍认可，:@0.118919:0.242116:0.874876:0.242116:0.874876:0.226031:0.118919:0.226031:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.017574:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.017572:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
从而取得集权的合法化。因此，人们的利益、习惯和感情，都趋于将真正的政治生活:@0.118919:0.266671:0.864879:0.266671:0.864879:0.250586:0.118919:0.250586:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
集中于党中央，集中于国务院。因为老百姓人人都知道，中国的大事是党中央说了算。:@0.118919:0.291225:0.874876:0.291225:0.874876:0.275141:0.118919:0.275141:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018391:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
因此，坚持集中统一领导对中国人民来说具有重大的利益。:@0.118919:0.315780:0.639505:0.315780:0.639505:0.299696:0.118919:0.299696:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
（五）“礼法结合”:@0.156757:0.341979:0.345541:0.341979:0.345541:0.324203:0.156757:0.324203:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976
—:@0.345541:0.341979:0.387493:0.341979:0.387493:0.324203:0.345541:0.324203:0.041952
德治与法治、人治与法治结合体现了中国传统的集:@0.387493:0.341979:0.848965:0.341979:0.848965:0.324203:0.387493:0.324203:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976
中民主:@0.118919:0.366534:0.181847:0.366534:0.181847:0.348758:0.118919:0.348758:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976
我们现在讲“依法治国”或者“法治”精神，往往从西方的法律文化中去追根溯源，:@0.159460:0.389444:0.874877:0.389444:0.874877:0.373360:0.159460:0.373360:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.014939:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.014939:0.020023:0.014941:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.014939:0.020023:0.020023:0.014939:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
事实上，深入研究中国传统法律文化，可以发现有很多法治精神是有迹可循的。从《尚:@0.118919:0.413999:0.864867:0.413999:0.864867:0.397915:0.118919:0.397915:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.016294:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.016296:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.016294:0.016296:0.020023:0.020023
书》到《论语》，从儒家到法家，正是依照这种传统社会形态下的“德治”与“法治”“礼:@0.118919:0.438554:0.864865:0.438554:0.864865:0.422469:0.118919:0.422469:0.020023:0.014526:0.014528:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.014526:0.014526:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.014528:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.014526:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.014526:0.014528:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.009030:0.020023:0.020023
法结合”，中国的社会进行了有效的国家统治。:@0.118919:0.463109:0.539392:0.463109:0.539392:0.447024:0.118919:0.447024:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
中国是一个人情社会，所以在中国人治很有效。中国人又特别崇尚德治，对有德:@0.159460:0.487664:0.864593:0.487664:0.864593:0.471579:0.159460:0.471579:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
君臣特别尊崇，所以对他们的号召都响应。中国人不喜欢看到在国会、议会这种庄重:@0.118919:0.512218:0.865039:0.512218:0.865039:0.496134:0.118919:0.496134:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
的场合大打出手，认为这不合于“礼”，是与中国文化不相容的。为什么中国的人民:@0.118919:0.536773:0.864801:0.536773:0.864801:0.520689:0.118919:0.520689:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020105:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
代表大会不喜欢采用质询和辩论，因为中国的文化是“和为贵”，一般情况下都保持:@0.118919:0.561328:0.864957:0.561328:0.864957:0.545243:0.118919:0.545243:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020101:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
不伤和气，而质询和辩论容易带来情绪反应，易生嫌隙和误会，进而造成对立和对抗，:@0.118919:0.585883:0.874876:0.585883:0.874876:0.569798:0.118919:0.569798:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018391:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
甚而带来社会撕裂，所以我们称之为协商民主。人是情绪动物，争吵、大打出手，只:@0.118919:0.610438:0.864719:0.610438:0.864719:0.594353:0.118919:0.594353:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020023
会有助于滋生有组织的派系分立。当然，怎样让反对的声音有场合发表，怎样鼓励批:@0.118919:0.634992:0.865039:0.634992:0.865039:0.618908:0.118919:0.618908:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
评，这也是我们需要继续努力探索的。我们已经有大会发言、分组讨论、提案制度，:@0.118919:0.659547:0.864719:0.659547:0.864719:0.643462:0.118919:0.643462:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023
还有记者会、部长通道、委员通道、总理会见记者等制度安排，相信未来会越来越开放，:@0.118919:0.684102:0.874876:0.684102:0.874876:0.668017:0.118919:0.668017:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.013792:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.013793:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.013792:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.013792:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
越来越好。:@0.118919:0.708657:0.219032:0.708657:0.219032:0.692572:0.118919:0.692572:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
（六）个人魅力型权力符合中国传统文化和老百姓的普遍心理，有助于实行:@0.156757:0.734856:0.864957:0.734856:0.864957:0.717080:0.156757:0.717080:0.021500:0.021236:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.020976:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.021500:0.020976
集中民主:@0.118919:0.759410:0.202823:0.759410:0.202823:0.741635:0.118919:0.741635:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976:0.020976
魅力崇拜从部落时代就有，远古时的人类迁徙、扩张等集体活动往往都是因某个:@0.159460:0.782321:0.864733:0.782321:0.864733:0.766236:0.159460:0.766236:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
特别有领袖魅力的首领而成。现代领袖魅力崇拜依然存在，且越演越烈。集中民主当:@0.118919:0.806876:0.865039:0.806876:0.865039:0.790791:0.118919:0.790791:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
然地包含个人魅力，集中需要个人魅力，个人魅力有利于实施集中。资本主义国家治:@0.118919:0.831431:0.865039:0.831431:0.865039:0.815346:0.118919:0.815346:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
理模式并不排斥个人魅力型，总统就是个人魅力的体现。不能一概排斥个人魅力型权:@0.118919:0.855985:0.864909:0.855985:0.864909:0.839901:0.118919:0.839901:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
力，个人崇拜不是洪水猛兽，谁都想。毛泽东是个人魅力型，邓小平是不是个人魅力型？:@0.118919:0.880540:0.864865:0.880540:0.864865:0.864456:0.118919:0.864456:0.020023:0.011289:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.011291:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.011289:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.011289:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
美国历史上的那些伟大的总统是不是个人魅力型？我看他们都是。:@0.118919:0.905095:0.699573:0.905095:0.699573:0.889010:0.118919:0.889010:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023