• 43 •:@0.847517:0.946969:0.881079:0.946969:0.881079:0.932706:0.847517:0.932706:0.005339:0.003814:0.007628:0.007628:0.003814:0.005339
 :@0.000973:0.067670:0.005263:0.067670:0.005263:0.051624:0.000973:0.051624:0.004291
» :@0.573413:0.071740:0.586284:0.071740:0.586284:0.055694:0.573413:0.055694:0.008581:0.004291
第二章 为什么中国只能实行集中民主:@0.586284:0.072126:0.869460:0.072126:0.869460:0.058778:0.586284:0.058778:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.008581:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162
  :@0.637771:0.073066:0.646352:0.073066:0.646352:0.057020:0.637771:0.057020:0.004291:0.004291
 :@0.869460:0.073066:0.873751:0.073066:0.873751:0.057020:0.869460:0.057020:0.004291
才成为伟大的国家和伟大的民族，以前，只是“东亚病夫”。在这一节，为了进一步:@0.135135:0.119342:0.880857:0.119342:0.880857:0.103257:0.135135:0.103257:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020021:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020107:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
说明中国为什么选择集中民主，我必须说一些事，一些从过去到现在的事，我们民族:@0.135135:0.143897:0.881255:0.143897:0.881255:0.127812:0.135135:0.127812:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
的事，人民的事，不知道这些事，不了解这些事，你就不知道中国共产党走到今天有:@0.135135:0.168451:0.881095:0.168451:0.881095:0.152367:0.135135:0.152367:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
多么不易，新中国的建立是多么艰难，有中国共产党的领导是多么难得多么幸福！:@0.135135:0.193006:0.855947:0.193006:0.855947:0.176922:0.135135:0.176922:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
让我还是从国民性说起。:@0.175676:0.217561:0.395924:0.217561:0.395924:0.201477:0.175676:0.201477:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
恩格斯曾指出，在一定历史时期社会制度受两种生产即物质资料生产和人自身的:@0.175676:0.242116:0.881090:0.242116:0.881090:0.226031:0.175676:0.226031:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
生产制约。这就是说，一个国家的社会制度既有它的经济基础，也有它的国民基础。:@0.135135:0.266671:0.875969:0.266671:0.875969:0.250586:0.135135:0.250586:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
甲午战前，早期改良派人士何启、胡礼垣就曾指出：“今中国之民心非向上也，:@0.175676:0.291225:0.881110:0.291225:0.881110:0.275141:0.175676:0.275141:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023
中国之民力未尝生也”，认为“寡学”“愚蒙”“畏难苟安”是中国民心之大病。启:@0.135135:0.315780:0.881187:0.315780:0.881187:0.299696:0.135135:0.299696:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020111:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020111:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020111:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020111:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020023
蒙思想家梁启超:@0.135135:0.340335:0.275293:0.340335:0.275293:0.324250:0.135135:0.324250:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
1903:@0.280118:0.341375:0.320163:0.341375:0.320163:0.322655:0.280118:0.322655:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
年发表了长篇论文《新民说》，试图从国民的“愚味落后”“道:@0.324989:0.340335:0.881099:0.340335:0.881099:0.324250:0.324989:0.324250:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.019270:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.019268:0.019270:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.019268:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018517:0.020023:0.020023
德衰败”，缺乏“国家思想”“权利观念”“自治能力”等方面系统说明近代中国积:@0.135135:0.364890:0.881087:0.364890:0.881087:0.348805:0.135135:0.348805:0.020193:0.020193:0.020109:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020109:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020107:0.020024:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020109:0.020191:0.020203:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023
贫积弱的根由。他在《中国积弱溯源论》中认为中国文化生出怯懦，批评说奴性、愚:@0.135135:0.389444:0.881015:0.389444:0.881015:0.373360:0.135135:0.373360:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020103:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020023
昧、虚伪、为我、怯懦等已造成了中国人的人格缺欠，国人的这种集体性缺欠是国家:@0.135135:0.413999:0.881095:0.413999:0.881095:0.397915:0.135135:0.397915:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
贫弱的根本原因。启蒙的任务就是要将品性上有根本缺欠的“国人”，改造成现代意:@0.135135:0.438554:0.881173:0.438554:0.881173:0.422469:0.135135:0.422469:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020101:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
义上的“国民”。青年革命家邹容在著名的《革命军》中专辟一章来探讨“去奴隶之:@0.135135:0.463109:0.880939:0.463109:0.880939:0.447024:0.135135:0.447024:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020105:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020105:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
根性”问题。罗素应该算是中国人的老朋友了，早年间曾接受梁启超的邀请来华讲学。:@0.135135:0.487664:0.891092:0.487664:0.891092:0.471579:0.135135:0.471579:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023:0.020023:0.018391:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
罗素是通才，他竟然还获得过诺贝尔文学奖。在罗素的眼中，中国对他是非常友好的，:@0.135135:0.512218:0.891092:0.512218:0.891092:0.496134:0.135135:0.496134:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018391:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
但他仍然指出了中国人性格中的缺点：贪婪、懦弱和缺乏同情心。:@0.135135:0.536773:0.715789:0.536773:0.715789:0.520689:0.135135:0.520689:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
基本上可以这样说，辛亥革命之前的中国人，有“家”有“族”独没有“国”。:@0.175676:0.561328:0.881230:0.561328:0.881230:0.545243:0.175676:0.545243:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020109:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020111:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020109:0.020023:0.020023
所谓有家有族没有国，是说有家庭观念、家族观念，而没有国家观念。国家是皇上大:@0.135135:0.585883:0.881095:0.585883:0.881095:0.569798:0.135135:0.569798:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
臣们的事，跟我没有关系。所以孙中山说四万万人，唯“一盘散沙”而已，鲁迅先生:@0.135135:0.610438:0.880859:0.610438:0.880859:0.594353:0.135135:0.594353:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020107:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
也称我们中国是“沙聚之邦”，也有人总结为麻木习气、散沙根性、看客心理。:@0.135135:0.634992:0.835924:0.634992:0.835924:0.618908:0.135135:0.618908:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
第一次鸦片战争，英军从广州一带登陆，纵然有三元里抗英，但多数民众不是抗:@0.175676:0.659547:0.880810:0.659547:0.880810:0.643462:0.175676:0.643462:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
英，而是观战、助英。英军登陆后，当地的老百姓主动向英军供售精食蔬菜牲畜。第:@0.135135:0.684102:0.880935:0.684102:0.880935:0.668017:0.135135:0.668017:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020023
二次鸦片战争，:@0.135135:0.708657:0.275293:0.708657:0.275293:0.692572:0.135135:0.692572:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
1860:@0.275293:0.709697:0.315338:0.709697:0.315338:0.690976:0.275293:0.690976:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
年，英法联军火烧圆明园，北京的老百姓也加入了抢掠园物的行:@0.320364:0.708657:0.880995:0.708657:0.880995:0.692572:0.320364:0.692572:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
列，:@0.135135:0.733211:0.175180:0.733211:0.175180:0.717127:0.135135:0.717127:0.020023:0.020023
1900:@0.175180:0.734251:0.215225:0.734251:0.215225:0.715531:0.175180:0.715531:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011:0.010011
年八国联军攻打北京城，为什么:@0.220231:0.733211:0.500547:0.733211:0.500547:0.717127:0.220231:0.717127:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
1:@0.505592:0.734251:0.515603:0.734251:0.515603:0.715531:0.505592:0.715531:0.010011
万多人能够攻进北京，城高池厚，攻不进:@0.520609:0.733211:0.881015:0.733211:0.881015:0.717127:0.520609:0.717127:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
来，很多很多的中国人帮联军填壕沟、扶梯子，中国人告诉联军，广渠门下水道没有:@0.135135:0.757766:0.881095:0.757766:0.881095:0.741682:0.135135:0.741682:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
设防，结果联军从下水道鱼贯而入，顺利进入北京，而当他们从下水道登坡入城的时候，:@0.135135:0.782321:0.891092:0.782321:0.891092:0.766236:0.135135:0.766236:0.020023:0.020023:0.011715:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.011715:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.011715:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
中国人揣着手站在两边麻木观看。联军叫中国人绑中国人，中国人杀中国人，联军的:@0.135135:0.806876:0.881255:0.806876:0.881255:0.790791:0.135135:0.790791:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
辎重后勤都是中国人组织帮助搞的，有一幅当年的照片，图中只有两个外国人，其余:@0.135135:0.831431:0.881255:0.831431:0.881255:0.815346:0.135135:0.815346:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
黑压压一片推车运物资的都是中国人，有人坐在城头上帮联军当瞭望哨。这是铁一般:@0.135135:0.855985:0.881125:0.855985:0.881125:0.839901:0.135135:0.839901:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
的史实。可问题是，我们的历史、我们的老师从来不讲这些事情，避而不谈，我们从:@0.135135:0.880540:0.880937:0.880540:0.880937:0.864456:0.135135:0.864456:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020024:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
来只讲帝国主义侵略成性，不讲我们的人民在帝国主义侵略面前的这些表现，所以我:@0.135135:0.905095:0.881109:0.905095:0.881109:0.889010:0.135135:0.889010:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020025:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020024:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023