• 71 •:@0.847517:0.946969:0.881079:0.946969:0.881079:0.932706:0.847517:0.932706:0.005339:0.003814:0.007628:0.007628:0.003814:0.005339
 :@0.000973:0.067670:0.005263:0.067670:0.005263:0.051624:0.000973:0.051624:0.004291
» :@0.659223:0.071740:0.672095:0.071740:0.672095:0.055694:0.659223:0.055694:0.008581:0.004291
第四章 自由民主理性批判:@0.672095:0.072126:0.869460:0.072126:0.869460:0.058778:0.672095:0.058778:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.008581:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162:0.017162
  :@0.723582:0.073066:0.732163:0.073066:0.732163:0.057020:0.723582:0.057020:0.004291:0.004291
 :@0.869460:0.073066:0.873751:0.073066:0.873751:0.057020:0.869460:0.057020:0.004291
反最后却把他杀了的陈胜的车伕是不是人民？像这类一会儿是人民，一会儿是敌人的:@0.135135:0.119342:0.881125:0.119342:0.881125:0.103257:0.135135:0.103257:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
事，在中国农民起义历史上多了去了，我们怎么给人民定义？我们常说:@0.135135:0.143897:0.769349:0.143897:0.769349:0.127812:0.135135:0.127812:0.020023:0.020523:0.020523:0.020523:0.020523:0.020523:0.020523:0.020523:0.020523:0.020523:0.020523:0.020523:0.020523:0.020523:0.020523:0.020023:0.020523:0.020523:0.020523:0.020523:0.020523:0.020523:0.020523:0.020523:0.020523:0.020023:0.020523:0.020523:0.020523:0.020523:0.020023
14:@0.774355:0.144937:0.794377:0.144937:0.794377:0.126216:0.774355:0.126216:0.010011:0.010011
亿中国人:@0.799503:0.143897:0.881095:0.143897:0.881095:0.127812:0.799503:0.127812:0.020523:0.020523:0.020523:0.020023
民，请问：这:@0.135135:0.168451:0.253100:0.168451:0.253100:0.152367:0.135135:0.152367:0.020023:0.018933:0.020023:0.019482:0.019482:0.020023
14:@0.257833:0.169492:0.277856:0.169492:0.277856:0.150771:0.257833:0.150771:0.010011:0.010011
亿人民包不包括我们的领袖、领导、党员干部？包不包括台湾人民、:@0.282581:0.168451:0.881081:0.168451:0.881081:0.152367:0.282581:0.152367:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018933:0.020023:0.020023:0.018935:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
香港人民？如果包括，请问：现在台湾人民多数是支持蔡英文台独路线的，他们是不:@0.135135:0.193006:0.881095:0.193006:0.881095:0.176922:0.135135:0.176922:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
是推动历史前进的动力？同类事件还有“港独”分子、“藏独”分子、“疆独”分子？:@0.135135:0.217561:0.881081:0.217561:0.881081:0.201477:0.135135:0.201477:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018159:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018158:0.020023:0.020023:0.016296:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018158:0.020023:0.020023:0.016294:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018158:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
还有，我可以实事求是地说，在这:@0.135135:0.242116:0.441720:0.242116:0.441720:0.226031:0.135135:0.226031:0.020543:0.020023:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020023:0.020543:0.020543:0.020023
14:@0.446766:0.243156:0.466789:0.243156:0.466789:0.224436:0.446766:0.224436:0.010011:0.010011
亿中，还有相当多:@0.471914:0.242116:0.635218:0.242116:0.635218:0.226031:0.471914:0.226031:0.020543:0.020023:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020023
—:@0.636197:0.242116:0.676242:0.242116:0.676242:0.226031:0.636197:0.226031:0.040045
不是一小撮的人，是对:@0.676755:0.242116:0.881145:0.242116:0.881145:0.226031:0.676755:0.226031:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020543:0.020023:0.020543:0.020543:0.020023
我们的党和国家心怀不满的甚至梦想推翻国家政权的知识分子、学生、工人、农民、:@0.135135:0.266671:0.881095:0.266671:0.881095:0.250586:0.135135:0.250586:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023
市民、作家、老干部、军人等等，他们是不是我们的人民？他们同样在参与祖国建设。:@0.135135:0.291225:0.891092:0.291225:0.891092:0.275141:0.135135:0.275141:0.020023:0.020023:0.018797:0.020023:0.020023:0.018799:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018797:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018797:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
所以，在中国，“自由民主”只能是一部分人民，比如台独分子和群众，“港独”:@0.175676:0.315780:0.891093:0.315780:0.891093:0.299696:0.175676:0.299696:0.020023:0.020023:0.019252:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018481:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.019254:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.019252:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018481:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
分子和群众，而不可能是人民的全体，所以不能用“人民民主”。台湾绝不是所有人:@0.135135:0.340335:0.881015:0.340335:0.881015:0.324250:0.135135:0.324250:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020103:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
都赞成“台独”的，香港人也不是全都是主张“港独”的，所以说，人民民主在这些:@0.135135:0.364890:0.881087:0.364890:0.881087:0.348805:0.135135:0.348805:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020109:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020203:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020109:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023
问题上就说不清。但集中民主却可以包括所有人，我们不仅要集中左派的意见，也要:@0.135135:0.389444:0.881255:0.389444:0.881255:0.373360:0.135135:0.373360:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
听取右派的意见，还要听取各个反对派和中间派的意见，甚至还要听取敌人的意见，:@0.135135:0.413999:0.881255:0.413999:0.881255:0.397915:0.135135:0.397915:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020023
只要对我们有益有利的正确的意见，我们都要听，这就叫集思广益，这就叫集中民主。:@0.135135:0.438554:0.891092:0.438554:0.891092:0.422469:0.135135:0.422469:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018391:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018389:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
不仅要听取中国人民的意见，还要听取世界人民的意见。集中民主还区分了领导和群:@0.135135:0.463109:0.881125:0.463109:0.881125:0.447024:0.135135:0.447024:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
众，而不是自由民主和人民民主分不清领导和民众，集中民主集中指的是领导，由领:@0.135135:0.487664:0.881255:0.487664:0.881255:0.471579:0.135135:0.471579:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
导来集中，民主则是指人民，被领导者。所以，集中民主比自由民主和人民民主更符:@0.135135:0.512218:0.881097:0.512218:0.881097:0.496134:0.135135:0.496134:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020024:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
合现实的逻辑和理论的逻辑。:@0.135135:0.536773:0.395428:0.536773:0.395428:0.520689:0.135135:0.520689:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
现在回过头来说说我的人性假设。我的人性假设是：现代社会是一个“复杂的自:@0.175676:0.561328:0.880810:0.561328:0.880810:0.545243:0.175676:0.545243:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023
主人”社会，所谓“复杂的自主人”，其一是说人是复杂的，人的本性、人的个性都:@0.135135:0.585883:0.881087:0.585883:0.881087:0.569798:0.135135:0.569798:0.020193:0.020109:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020109:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020203:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020193:0.020023
是复杂的；其二，人又是自主的，自主性是人的本性本能。“自主”是指要做自己的主，:@0.135135:0.610438:0.891092:0.610438:0.891092:0.594353:0.135135:0.594353:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.017946:0.017946:0.020023:0.020023:0.015868:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.015870:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.011715:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.015868:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
做自己命运的主宰，达到实现自我追求的目的；“复杂”是说个性，“自主”是指共性，:@0.135135:0.634992:0.891092:0.634992:0.891092:0.618908:0.135135:0.618908:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.016463:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018242:0.014683:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.016463:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.012903:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.016460:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
“自主性”是“复杂的自主人”的本质，其核心特征是人人都想当家作主，或在某一:@0.135135:0.659547:0.881093:0.659547:0.881093:0.643462:0.135135:0.643462:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020101:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020103:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020183:0.020023
方面造成对自己有利的局面，这种情况将永远存在下去。由此造成正反两方面的结果：:@0.135135:0.684102:0.886087:0.684102:0.886087:0.668017:0.135135:0.668017:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.016060:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.016062:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018040:0.020023
一方面是人的自主性、积极性和创造性，另一个方面是人的私欲、任性和野心。所以，:@0.135135:0.708657:0.891092:0.708657:0.891092:0.692572:0.135135:0.692572:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018797:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018799:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018797:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018797:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
人的“自主”性也就有善恶两面，可以为善，也可以为恶，可以助善，也可以助恶。:@0.135135:0.733211:0.881279:0.733211:0.881279:0.717127:0.135135:0.717127:0.020203:0.020021:0.020203:0.020203:0.020109:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020203:0.020023:0.020023
正是在这个意义上，我们的《易经》才说一切都是自己造成的。:@0.135135:0.757766:0.695766:0.757766:0.695766:0.741682:0.135135:0.741682:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
这种“复杂的自主人”的复杂性还表现在，他们经常受两种互相对立的情感驱使，:@0.175676:0.782321:0.891093:0.782321:0.891093:0.766236:0.175676:0.766236:0.020023:0.018225:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018225:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.018225:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
一方面感到需要有人帮助和指导，另一方面又希望保持完全的独立与自由；他们既想:@0.135135:0.806876:0.881125:0.806876:0.881125:0.790791:0.135135:0.790791:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
要有一个能保护自己的全能的政府，又不想让政府侵犯到自己主权的任何私人领域。:@0.135135:0.831431:0.881125:0.831431:0.881125:0.815346:0.135135:0.815346:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020023
这两个倾向相反的本能要求哪一个也不想放弃。他们不懂得有得必须有舍，有得必有:@0.135135:0.855985:0.881125:0.855985:0.881125:0.839901:0.135135:0.839901:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020023:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023:0.020183:0.020173:0.020173:0.020173:0.020023
舍，有舍才有得，鱼与熊掌不可兼得。:@0.135135:0.880540:0.475518:0.880540:0.475518:0.864456:0.135135:0.864456:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023:0.020023
“复杂的自主人”假设为集中民主提供了一种合理的解释：人是要求自主的，所:@0.175676:0.905095:0.880882:0.905095:0.880882:0.889010:0.175676:0.889010:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020095:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020163:0.020023:0.020163:0.020023