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Global Climate Change and Its Impacts

other hand, establishing cross-regional joint working groups enables collaborative research
and practice targeting specific climate change challenges. When addressing transboundary
river ecosystem degradation, joint working groups comprising hydrologists, ecologists, and
environmental engineers from different regions can collectively develop river ecological res-
toration plans, oversee implementation, and strengthen complex problem-solving capabilities
through human resource integration.
(2) Policy Coordination Mechanism
At the policy level, unified policy objectives form the foundation for avoiding policy
conflicts. Within regional clusters, all regions should establish consistent adaptation policy
goals under the national climate change response strategic framework, aligned with the over-
all regional development plans. For instance, jointly determine targets to increase regional
forest coverage to a specific level within a defined period to enhance the regional ecosys-
tem’scarbon sink capacityand climate regulation functions. To achieve this goal, all regions
must coordinate forestry policies. Regarding forest resource protection, unified standards for
deforestation and approval processes should be established to prevent scenarios where some
regions excessively log forests for short-term economic gains while others implement affor-
estation policies, creating policy conflicts. For compensation policies involving ecological
public welfare forests, interregional consensus on standards should also be reached to ensure
fairness and sustainability in ecological conservation efforts.
Secondly, coordinated industrial policies can promote regionalcluster economyCoor-
dinated development with the environment. Different regions have varying industrial struc-
tures, and in addressing climate changeindustrialpolicies may conflict. Some regions vigor-
ously support high-energy-consuming industries to develop their economies but neglect the
impact of carbon emissions on the overall regional climate; others are committed to develop-
ing low-carbon industries, but their efforts may be undermined by the presence of high-en-
ergy-consuming industries in neighboring regions. Regional clusters should establish unified
industrial development guidance policies, clearly defining encouraged low-carbon industries
and restricted high-energy-consuming, high-emission industries. For high-energy-consum-
ing industries, implement regionally unified energy conservation and emission reduction
standards, and use policy tools such as taxes and subsidies to guide their technological trans-
formation and industrial upgrading. For example, provide tax incentives to high-energy-con-
suming enterprises that actively pursue energy-saving and emission-reduction technological
transformations, while increasing carbon emission taxes for non-compliant enterprises.
Simultaneously, for low-carbon industries such as new energy vehicle manufacturing and
renewable energy power generation, regions should collaboratively formulate industrial sup-
port policies through the joint construction of industrial parks and sharing of industrialchain
resourcesand other means to promote the large-scale,clustereddevelopment of low-carbon
industries within the regional cluster, achieving a win-win scenario for regional economic
development and climate change adaptation.

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