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Chapter 4 Adaptation Measures to Address Global Climate Change

distribution ranges, and pathogen-carrying status. Utilizing Geographic Information System
(GIS) technology combined with meteorological data, spatiotemporal distribution maps of
vectors and related diseases should be developed to precisely identify high-risk areas.
Enhancing surveillance technology is also critical. Utilize advanced sensor technology
to collect real-time environmental data such as temperature, humidity, and precipitation, and
perform correlation analysis with disease incidence data. Establish environmental monitor-
ing stations in different urban areas equipped with high-precision meteorological sensors,
while employing big data analytics to integrate disease reporting data from multiple channels
including medical institutions and community health service centers. Develop mathematical
models linking diseases and environmental factors to predict disease risks in advance. For
example, based on historical data and real-time meteorological information, predict the prob-
ability of intestinal infectious diseases occurring in specific regions under particular tempera-
ture and precipitation conditions, thereby providing scientific evidence for preemptive pre-
vention and control measures. Additionally, strengthen internationaldiseaseSurveillance data
sharing and collaboration. Climate change impacts transcend national borders, and infectious
disease transmission knows no geographical limits. Public health authorities in all countries
should establish regularized data exchange mechanisms to share disease surveillance infor-
mation and jointly address global public health challenges. When novel infectious diseases
or abnormal disease transmission trends are detected, timely information exchange should
be conducted to collaboratively conduct investigations and develop prevention and control
strategies.
(2) Emergency response capacity building
Strong emergency response capabilities serve as the core safeguard for public health
systems when confronting climate change-induced public health emergencies. Developing
targeted contingency plans is the primary task. Detailed plans should be formulated for dif-
ferent types of climate-related health events, such as heatwave impacts, post-flood disaster
infectious disease outbreaks, and extreme weather-induced food poisoning incidents. The
plans should clearly define departmental responsibilities: health departments oversee med-
ical response and epidemic control; civil affairs departments manage disaster victim reset-
tlement and livelihood support; the Ministry of Transportensurestransportation of medical
supplies and rescue personnel. Meanwhile, establish clear response procedures with defined
operational guidelines and timelines for each phase - from event warning and emergency
response activation to on-site handling and post-event recovery. For example,when receiving
high-temperature warnings, the health department must activate heat-related disease emer-
gency plans within stipulated timeframes, mobilize medical institutions to prepare for patient
intake, and organize community health workers to conduct heat protection awareness cam-
paigns.
Strengthening emergency material reserves and management is equally indispensable.
Establish dedicated emergency material reserve warehouses to stockpile sufficient medi-

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