Page 169 - Communication across Cultures

Chapter 5 Culture and Language

language, and their messages are delivered with little ambiguity. Direct communicators
prefer to express their thoughts directly without relying on subtle cues or implications.
This style is commonly seen in many Western cultures.
Example: “I need you to complete this report by tomorrow.”
2) Indirect Style
In an indirect communication style, individuals express their thoughts, needs, and
opinions in a more subtle and implicit way. The message is often conveyed through
hints, suggestions, or nonverbal cues, leaving room for interpretation. Indirect commu-
nicators may value maintaining harmony and avoiding conflict, so they may not express
their thoughts or needs directly. This style is more prevalent in some Eastern cultures.
Example: “It would be great if we could get the report done as soon as possible. We
don’t want to miss any deadlines.”
It’s important to note that cultural norms and individual preferences influence the
choice of communication style. Both direct and indirect styles have their merits and
drawbacks, and effective communication involves understanding and adapting to the
style preferred by the person or group you are communicating with.

5.4.2 Self-Enhancement and Self-Effacement Styles

The difference between self-enhancement and self-effacement styles lies in how in-
dividuals perceive and present themselves.
1) Self-Enhancement Style
In a self-enhancement style, individuals tend to highlight and promote their positive
attributes, achievements, and abilities. They focus on presenting themselves in a favor-
able light and may seek to enhance their self-worth and self-esteem through self-pro-
motion. Self-enhancers may emphasize their strengths, accomplishments, and success
while downplaying or minimizing their weaknesses or failures.
Example: “I have accomplished so much and achieved great success in my career. I
am proud of my achievements and confident in my abilities.”
2) Self-Effacement Style
In a self-effacement style, individuals tend to downplay their own accomplish-
ments, abilities, and strengths. They may be reluctant to draw attention to themselves,
and they often prioritize the needs and opinions of others over their own. Self-effacers
may minimize their achievements, attribute success to external factors, and may display
humility and modesty.

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