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Chapter Seven Regional Studies on Climate Change Response

Concurrently, blockchain technology can streamlineCarbon Tradingprocesses by automat-
ically executing transaction rules through smart contracts, reducing manual intervention
and enhancing transaction efficiency. For instance, when enterprises have surplus carbon
emission quotas, blockchain platforms can rapidly match them with buyers. Transactions are
automatically completed according to preset smart contract terms, lowering transaction costs
and promotingCarbon Market’s healthy and efficient development.
In addition, the application of gene editing technology in agriculture and ecological res-
toration is expected to provide innovative solutions to address climate change. In agriculture,
climate change has led to increased extreme weather events and more frequent outbreaks of
pests and diseases, posing serious threats to crop growth. Gene editing technology can be
used to develop crop varieties that are better adapted to climate change. Scientists can per-
form precise edits to crop genes to enhance their resistance to pests and diseases, drought tol-
erance, and salt-alkali tolerance. For example, rice varieties developed through gene editing
technology can maintain high yields in drought or saline-alkali environments, ensuring food
security. In the field of ecological restoration, gene editing technology can accelerate the cul-
tivation of plant varieties adapted to damaged ecosystems. In areas affected by ecological de-
struction such as forest fires and soil erosion, gene-edited plant varieties with characteristics
like rapid growth and well-developed root systems can be cultivated. These plants can take
root and grow faster, stabilize soil, promote ecosystem recovery and reconstruction, and en-
hance ecosystemcarbon sink capacity, absorb more carbon dioxide, and mitigate the impacts
of climate change.
Nanotechnology holds tremendous potential in the development of new environmental-
ly friendly materials. In the field of air purification, the development of efficient nanoscale
air purification materials can effectively reduce environmental pollution caused by industrial
waste gases and vehicle emissions. Some nanomaterials possess unique surface structures
and chemical properties that enable them to adsorb and decompose harmful gases in the air.
For example, nano-titanium dioxide can catalytically break down pollutants such as nitrogen
oxides and volatile organic compounds in the air under light conditions, thereby purifying
the air. In water purification, nanomaterials can be used to develop highly efficient filtration
membranes capable of removing heavy metal ions, microorganisms, and organic pollutants
from water. For instance, nanocellulose membranes feature high porosity and excellent
adsorption properties, enabling effective wastewater purification and improved utilization
efficiency of water resources. In the energy storage sector, nanotechnology can be applied
to develop high-performance energy storage materials. Nanoscale electrode materials, for
example, can enhance battery storage capacity and charge-discharge efficiency, driving ad-
vancements in energy storage technology and supporting large-scale storage and application
of renewable energy.
(3) International Cooperation and Leadership
In the future, developed countries will more actively and proactively engage in interna-

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