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Chapter V Strategies for Climate Change Mitigation

technical and managerial capabilities of developing countries in addressing climate change.
Developed countries should improve the technical proficiency of developing nations’ tech-
nical personnel and managers through training and education to ensure effective application
of advanced technologies. For example, Germany provides technical training and capac-
ity-building support to developing countries through the “International Climate Initiative
(IKI)” to assist them in achieving low-carbon transitions.
4. Promote Regional and Sub-regional Cooperation
The international communityneeds to promoteregional and sub-regional cooperation
to enhance synergistic effects among countries in technology transfer and capacity building.
Countries should facilitate technology transfer and capacity building within regions through
regional climate agreements and cooperation platforms. For instance, ASEAN promotes
cooperation among member states in technology transfer and capacity building through the
“ASEAN Agreement on Climate Change”. Additionally, sub-regional cooperation platforms
(such as the Great Lakes Climate Change Initiative) should receive more attention to provide
countries with collaborative opportunities.

IV. Circular Economy Model

The circular economy is an economic model aimed at minimizing environmental foot-
print through the transformation of design, production, and consumption patterns. It empha-
sizes efficient resource utilization and waste minimization to reduce reliance on natural re-
sources, while promoting sustainable development through practices such as waste recycling
and product lifecycle management.
(I) Concept and Objectives of the Circular Economy
The core concept of the circular economy is “Cradle to Cradle,” meaning that a prod-
uct’s entire lifecycle should consider its environmental impact, ensuring resources can con-
tinuously circulate within the system rather than being consumed once. The primary objec-
tives of the circular economy include:
(1) Maximize resource efficiency: Optimize resource use, extend the lifespan of prod-
ucts and services, and reduce waste.
(2) Minimize waste generation: Reduce waste production as much as possible and
transform unavoidable waste into valuable resources.
(3) Environmental protection: Mitigate negative impacts on ecosystems and human
health, and safeguard biodiversity and natural capital.
（4）Economic Growth and Social Welfare: Creating new business opportunities and
employment prospects, enhancing the overall well-being of society.
（II）Innovation in Design Stage
Circular economy requires considering product recyclability, remanufacturability, an-
dreusability from the design stage.Degradability. This means that designers need to adopt
modular design principles, easy-to-disassemble design principles, and select environmentally

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