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Global Climate Change and Its Impacts

numerous domestic and international visitors for study tours, making it a model in the field
of circular economy.
2.Practical Case 2: China’s “Zero-Waste City” Pilot Program
（1）Background
China launched the “Zero-Waste City” construction pilot program in 2019, aiming to
reduce solid waste generation, improve resource utilization rates, and ultimately achieve the
goal of zero landfill for urban waste through a series of policies and technological measures.
The first batch of pilots included 11 cities and regions such as Shenzhen, Chongqing, and
Qingdao.
（2）Practices
① Waste classification system: All pilot cities have fully implemented strict waste clas-
sification systems. Residents are required to sort and dispose of household waste according
to regulations. The government has also intensified publicity and education efforts to en-
hance public environmental awareness.
② Waste recycling network: A city-wide waste recycling network has been established,
with multiple community recycling points and service stations set up to facilitate citizens’
disposal of recyclable items. Meanwhile, private enterprises are encouraged and supported to
participate in the development of the waste recycling industry.
③ Technological Innovation Support: Invested substantial funds inresearch and devel-
opment of newwaste processing technologies and equipment, such as smart trash bins, auto-
matedsorting lines, to enhance waste processing efficiency and quality.
(3) Achievements
After years of effort, the “Zero-Waste City” pilot projects achieved remarkable results.
Taking Shenzhen City as an example, its domestic waste incineration power plant reached a
daily processing capacity of 15,000 tons, effectively alleviating urban waste pressure. Mean-
while, the city’s recycling rate of renewable resources increased from around 30% to nearly
60%, significantly reducing demand for virgin resources.
3.Actual Case 3: Kalundborg Eco-Industrial Park in Denmark (Kalundborg Symbio-
sis）
(1) Background
Located in westernZealand, Denmark,Kalundborg Eco-Industrial Park is one of the
world’s earliest industrial symbiosis systems, established in the 1970s. By fostering collab-
oration between enterprises, this industrial park realized the circular utilization of resources
and by-products, forming an efficient circular economy model.
(2) Practice
① Industrial Symbiosis: The major enterprises within the park include a large oil re-
finery, a coal-fired power plant, a pharmaceutical factory, and multiple agricultural coopera-
tives. These enterprises are interconnected through pipelines and other infrastructure to share
resources and by-products. For example, steam generated by the refinery is transported to

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