Page 381 - 全球气候变化及其影响Global Climate Change and Its Impacts-185×260

Chapter 8 Climate Change and Future Prospects

and further advancing social welfare.
Environmental protection stands as one of the core objectives of long-term climate
strategies. By strengthening ecosystem conservation and restoration, biodiversity can be pre-
served. Protecting forests, wetlands, marine ecosystems, and other critical habitats not only
enablestheir carbon sink functions, mitigate climate change, while also providing habitats
for wildlife and maintaining ecological balance. Reducing pollutant emissions improves the
quality of soil, water, and atmospheric environments, protecting the natural environment for
human survival.
To achieve a balance between economic, social, and environmental objectives, compre-
hensive policies must be formulated. In fiscal policy, increase financial investment in renew-
able energy and ecological conservation while implementing tax adjustments on high-ener-
gy-consuming, high-emission industries. In industrial policy, encourage the development of
green industries and restrict outdated production capacities. Through technological innova-
tion,develop technologies and products thatsimultaneously drive economic growth, protect
the environment, and enhance social welfare, achieving coordinated development across
economy, society, and environment, and advancing the realization of sustainable develop-
ment goals.

IV. International Coordination and Cooperation in Long-term Climate
Strategy Planning

Long-term climate strategy planning has a significant international dimension, and co-
operation under the global climate governance framework is an inevitable choice for jointly
addressing climate change challenges. Climate change is a global issue; no single country
can remain unaffected, making international coordination and cooperation crucial.
Within the global climate governance framework, the United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its Paris Agreement provide a critical
foundation for international cooperation. Under this framework, countries formulate
their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) based on the principle of “common
but differentiated responsibilities.” Developed countries, leveraging advanced
technologies and substantial financial resources, should assume greater responsibilities in
emissionreductionwhile providing developing nations with financial, technological, and
capacity-building support. Developing countries, within their capabilities, actively adopt
mitigation and adaptation measures to achieve their sustainable development and climate
goals.
In emissionreduction cooperationIn terms of international cooperation, countries can
initiate joint technology research and development projects. In the field of Carbon Capture
and Storage (CCS) technology, research institutions from developed countries collaborate
with relevant entities in developing nations to jointly tackle technical challenges, reduce the
costs of CCS technology, and enhance its global promotability. Regarding renewable energy,

• 373 •