Page 119 - 高职英语口语大赛辅导及教学创新

第四章 高职英语口语技能大赛题型概述

◇阅读参考：中国四大发明因其历史上的重大意义而在中国文化中备受推崇，
并成为中国古代先进科技的象征。四大发明是指南针、火药、造纸术和印刷术。
四大发明对中国文明和世界文明具有深远影响。

Papermaking 造纸术
Before the invention of paper, bones, tortoise shells, and bamboo (竹子) slips were
all used as writing surfaces, but as Chinese civilization developed they proved
themselves unsuitable because of their bulk (体积) and weight Hemp fiber and silk were
used to make paper but the quality was far from satisfactory (满足). In105A.D.Cai Lun,

eunuch during the Eastern Han Dynasty, invented paper from worn fishnet, bark
and cloth. These raw materials could be easily found at a much lower cost so large
quantities of paper could be produced. Later, the technique of papermaking was

introduced to other parts of the world, such as Korea, Japan and Europe.
◇阅读参考：在造纸术发明之前，人们在骨头、龟壳和竹片上面写字。随着
中国的文明进步，人们不再满足于这些大而笨重的书写材料。麻纤维和丝绸被用
来造纸，但其质量不令人满意。公元 105 年，东汉的蔡伦，用旧渔网、树皮和布

片来造纸。这些广泛而价格低廉的造纸材料，让造纸术广为传播。之后，造纸术
被传到世界其他地区，例如韩国、日本、欧洲。
Printing 印刷术
Inspired by engraved( 雕 刻的 )name seals, Chinese people invented fixed-type

engraved printing around600 A.D. During the reign of Emperor Ren Zong of the
Northern Song Dynasty, Bi Sheng invented moveable( 可移动的 )，reusable clay type
after numerous( 无数 的 ) tests. Single types were made and picked out for printing
certain books. These types could be used again and again for different books.

◇ 阅读参考 : 受到雕刻印章的启示，大约在公元 600 年，中国人发明了活字
印刷。在宋仁宗皇帝统治的北宋年间，毕昇在无数次实践后发明了可移动并可重
复使用的用胶泥制作而成的活字。每个活字都可以根据所印内容排好顺序做成印
版，然后用于印刷。这些活字能够重复利用，可以做成不同的印版来印刷各种不

同的书。
Compass 指南针
During the Warring States period, a device called Si Nan became the

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