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Chapter V Strategies for Climate Change Mitigation

Developed countries, having undergone prolonged rapid industrialization that consumed
massive fossil fuels and emitted enormous greenhouse gases with profound negative impacts
on global climate change, should bear greater responsibilities in international climate negoti-
ations. Specifically, developed nations must not only implement more resolute and ambitious
emission reduction measures to substantially decrease their greenhouse gas emissions, but
also honor their commitments regarding financial and technological assistance to developing
countries.
In practical actions, developed countries should leverage their advantages in techno-
logical R&D and management expertise to proactively share advanced energy-saving and
emissionreduction technologiesand mature management practices, thereby driving global-
Domestic emission reduction technologieshave rapidly advanced and been widely adopted.
Taking the European Union as an example, it has consistently maintained a proactive stance
in international climate negotiations. By establishing and implementing stringent regional
emission reduction targets and policies, such as creating and continuously improving the
Emissions Trading System (EU ETS), it has seta benchmarkfor global climate action. Under
the EU ETS framework, enterprises in EU member states conduct production activities based
on their allocated carbon emission allowances. Enterprises emitting below their quotas can
sell surplus allowances for profit in the market, while those exceeding quotas must purchase
additional allowances or face severe penalties. This market mechanism has significantly in-
centivized enterprises to reduce emissions and conserve energy. Furthermore, EU member
states actively participate in assistance programs for developing countries, engaging in ex-
tensive cooperation on renewable energy projects across Africa and Asia. For instance, solar
power plants constructed in some African nations help enhance local energy supply stability
and sustainability while promoting economic development and energy structure optimiza-
tion.
(2) Domestic Policy Implementation in Fulfillment Processes
During critical phases of fulfillment commitments, the nation’s core task resides in
accurately and effectively translating international obligations into actionable domestic poli-
cies. This conversion process requires establishing an operational policy transmission mech-
anism to ensure international emission reduction targets can be cascaded down and effective-
ly implemented across domestic sectors and regions.
Taking Carbon Emission Reductionas an example for target implementation, the nation
must first formulate a comprehensive and detailed domestic carbon emission cap control plan.
During the formulation process of this plan, fullconsiderationmust be given to the actual cir-
cumstances across different industries and regions to rationally allocate the overall emission
reductiontasksto specific sectors. Within the energy sector, the primary responsibility lies in
comprehensively optimizing the energy structure by intensifying efforts to develop and utilize
renewable energy resources, such as constructing large-scale wind power bases, developing hy-
droelectric projects, and promoting solar photovoltaicapplicationsetc., gradually increasing the

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