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Global Climate Change and Its Impacts

Biotechnology also holds vast application prospects in addressing climate change. In-
carbon sequestration enhancementaspects, biotechnology can cultivate plant varieties withen-
hanced carbon fixation capabilitiesplant varieties. Through gene editing technology, enhance
plants’ ability to absorb and fix carbon dioxide, improving terrestrial ecosystems’carbon
sequestration functions.In the field of bioenergy, utilize microbial fermentation technology to
convert biomass into biofuels such as ethanol and biodiesel, replacing traditional fossil fuels
and reducing carbon emissions. Biotechnology can also be used to protect and restoredam-
aged ecosystems. By cultivating climate-resilient native species and implementing ecological
restoration projects, enhance ecosystem stability and adaptive capacity, strengthening their
buffering effects against climate change.

II. Climate Change’s Demand for and Promotion of Emerging
Technology Development

As a global challenge, climate change is profoundlydrivingthe development of emerg-
ing technologies, creating strong technological demands and vast market opportunities.
In the field of climate change monitoring, traditional monitoring methods struggle
to meet the requirements for comprehensive, real-time, and precise monitoring of climate
change. Climate change involves complex transformations across Earth’s various spheres,
requiring massive volumes of diverse monitoring data. The monitoring of atmospheric com-
position, ocean temperatures, terrestrial ecosystems, and other aspects urgently demands
more advanced technologies to improve monitoring efficiency and accuracy. This drives con-
tinuous development of emerging technologies, such as ongoing upgrades in satellite remote
sensing technology. The deployment of high-resolution, multi-spectral satellites enables
acquisition of more detailed Earth surface information to fulfill climate change monitoring
needs. Sensor technology is also innovating, developing stable high-sensitivity sensors that
can operate in extreme environments for real-time monitoring of critical climate parameters
like temperature, precipitation, and greenhouse gas concentrations.
In the field of emission reduction, as global emission reduction targets become
increasingly stringent, traditional energy technologies and emissionreduction methodsIt is
difficult to achieve deep emission reductions. This creates enormous market opportunities
for emerging technologies. Taking energy transition as an example, to realize the shift
from fossil fuels to renewable energy, efficient development technologies for renewable
energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydro power are required. Solar photovoltaic
technologycontinuously pursues higher photoelectric conversion efficiency and cost
reduction; wind power technology continues to innovate in areas such as increasing
the single-unit capacity of wind turbines and optimizing blade design. In the industrial
sector, the demand for new energy-saving and emission-reduction technologies has
driven the development of emerging technologies such as Carbon Capture and Storage
(CCS) technology and smart energy management systems. To meet emission reduction

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