Page 76 - 基于大数据的英语翻译精准教学及实现路径
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基于大数据的英语翻译精准教学及实现路径
Accurate English Translation Teaching and Implementation Path Based on Big Data
的英语意译、例(1b)的英语直译(lit.,即 literal English)构成互文对照文本。
直译文本严格遵循汉语语序,将具有比喻义的“风云”“旦夕”“祸福”逐词翻
译为 wind and clouds、morning and evening、woe and weal。此外,将“不测”译
为 not-to-be divined,为了让学习者理解“测”的含义,又括注了 fathomed 用以
解释字面含义。
(1)天有不测的风云,人有旦夕的祸福。(《寻津录》第 1 册,Chinese text I)
a.The day’s fortunes are no more to be foretold than the weather.(《寻津录》第
1 册,第 2 页)
b.Lit.The heavens(or the sky)have their not-to-be divined(lit.fathomed)wind and
clouds;man has his morning’s and evening’s woe and weal.(《寻津录》第 1 册,
第 2 页)
《寻津录》第1册第二部分“圣谕广训”中,编译者用Paraphrase标示英语意译,
用 Literal English 标示逐词对译的直译。直译文本严格遵照汉语语序,将“万岁爷”
译为 the Lord of ten thousand years,用 Sacred、Philanthropic 来解释“圣祖仁皇帝”,
将汉语中“坐了……天下”的表达对译为 sat...empire,并在“[]”中增添相应内容,
使得句子语义完整、逻辑显化。例如:
(2)【圣谕广训衍】万岁爷的意思说,我圣祖仁皇帝,坐了六十一年的天下,
最敬的是祖宗。(《寻津录》第 1 册,Chinese textI I)
a.【Paraphrase】His Majesty means to say,that during the sixty-one years
that our Emperor,the Sacred Ancestor canonised as the Humane,reigned over the
empire,his Ancestors were the chief object of his veneration.(《寻津录》第 1 册,
第 49 页)
b.【Literal English】It is the Lord of ten thousand year’s intention to say[that
by]our Emperor,the Sacred Ancestor,[canonised as]the Philanthropic,[while he]
sat sixty-one years[on the throne of the]empire,[the object]most reverenced was[his]
Ancestors collectively.(《寻津录》第 1 册,第 57 页)
与意译相比,直译能更好地呈现出双语的对应关系,便于学习者了解中文含
义,建立起双语转换的中间过程,为学习者提供帮助。中国历史上的蒙汉《元朝
秘史》、满汉《清文指要》等双语教材也都是采用直译的方式,主要考虑词语的
对应关系,翻译教学目的突出。除中文教材外,威妥玛还翻译了一系列中文著作,
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