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Global Climate Change and Its Impacts

gle-unit capacity and power generation efficiency. Simultaneously, upgrading turbine control
systems enables better adaptation to varying wind speeds and terrain conditions, improving
wind power stability. Offshore wind power has grown rapidly in recent years due to advan-
tages like higher wind speeds and lower wind shear. However, offshore windpower construc-
tionfaces challenges such as high costs and operational difficulties. To reduce costs,develop
new types ofoffshore turbine foundation structures, such as floating foundations and suction-
bucket foundations,to enhance turbine stability in complex marine environments and lower
infrastructure costs. For operations and maintenance, advanced monitoring technologies and
intelligent management systems enable remote monitoring and fault diagnosis for offshore
wind farms, reducing the need formaintenance personnelReduce the number of offshore op-
erations, lower maintenance costs, and improve the operational efficiency of offshore wind
farms.
The development of the new energy vehicle industry is also crucial for achieving
low-carbon transformation in the transportation sector. With the continuous increase in glob-
al vehicle ownership, carbon emissions from transportation have become one of the major
sources of greenhouse gas emissions. Through policy guidance and technological innova-
tion, enterprises are encouraged to develop and produce high-performance electric vehicles.
Governments have introduced policies such as purchase subsidies, tax incentives, and free
parking to reduce consumers’ costs of purchasing electric vehicles and enhance their conve-
nience. Simultaneously, companies have increased R&D investments to improve the driving
range, charging speed, and safety performance of electric vehicles. Charging infrastructure
construction is being enhanced through widespread installation of charging stations in urban
commercial areas, residential neighborhoods, and public parking lots, improving charging
facility coverage and alleviating consumers’ charging anxiety. As electric vehicle technology
continues to advance and the market matures, their share in the automotive market keeps
expanding, effectively reducing carbon emissions from traditional fuel-powered vehicles and
contributing to the low-carbon transition in the transportation sector.
In addition, the energy conservation and environmental protection industry plays an
indispensable role in economic restructuring. This industry covers multiple fields including
energy-saving technology R&D, environmental equipment manufacturing, and resource re-
cycling. In terms of energy-saving technology development, it focuses on creating efficient
energy-saving technologies and equipment tailored to energy consumption characteristics
in industrial, construction, and transportation sectors. For example: in industry, promoting
waste heat/pressure utilization technologies and variable frequency speed regulation tech-
nologies to enhance energy efficiency in production processes; in construction, adopting
energy-efficient windows/doors, high-performance insulation materials, and smart lighting
systems to reduce building energy consumption; in transportation, developing intelligent
transportation systems to optimize traffic flow and minimize energy waste caused by con-
gestion. Environmental equipment manufacturers produce efficient pollution control devic-

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