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Chapter V Strategies for Climate Change Mitigation

From the perspective of medium-term development planning, accelerating offshore
wind power development and reducing its construction and operationand maintenance costs-
remain key priorities. Offshore windpower possessesadvantages such as higher wind speeds,
smaller wind shear, and no occupation of land resources, but currently faces challenges in-
cluding high construction costs and difficult operation-maintenance. To reduce construction
costs, it is necessary to develop efficient turbine foundation structures suitable for marine
environments. The complex offshore environment requires turbine foundations to withstand
multiple loads including waves, sea winds, and ocean currents. Therefore,developing in-
novativefoundation structure types, such as floating foundations and suction-type founda-
tionsetc., can enhance the stability of wind turbines in complex marine environments while
reducing infrastructure costs. In terms of operation and maintenance, advanced monitoring
technologies and intelligent operation and maintenance management systems are utilized
to achieve remote monitoring and fault diagnosis for offshore wind farms. Through various
sensors installed on wind turbines, operational data such as vibration, temperature, and rota-
tion speed is collected in real-time. Data analysis and artificial intelligence technologies are
then employed to process and analyze this data, enabling early prediction of potential turbine
failures and formulation of corresponding maintenance plans. This approach helps reduce
the number ofmaintenance personnel’soffshore trips, lower operation and maintenance costs,
and improve the operational efficiency of offshore wind farms. Additionally, optimizing the
layout planning of offshore wind farms while fully considering marine ecological environ-
ment factors can minimize impacts on marine habitats and fishery resources, achieving coor-
dinated development between offshore wind power and marine ecosystems.
From a long-termdevelopment perspective,The development of high-altitude wind en-
ergy generation technology holds enormous potential. Low-altitude wind energy resources
are significantly affected by terrain, buildings, and other factors, and face issues such as un-
stable wind speeds. In contrast, high-altitude wind energy resources are abundant and stable
– at elevations of hundreds of meters or even several kilometers above ground level, wind
speeds are typically much higher than at low altitudes, with more consistent wind directions.
High-altitude wind energy generation technology primarily uses tethered balloons or kite
devices to capture wind energy at high altitudes and convert it into electricity. These tethered
balloons or kites are equipped with wind turbines and energy conversion systems. When air-
borne at high altitudes, wind drives the turbine rotation to generate electricity, which is then
transmitted to the ground via cables. This technological advancement will expand wind en-
ergy utilization space, provide new pathways for global energy supply, further increase wind
energy’s proportion in global energy provision, and strongly promote the global transition to
a low-carbon energy system.
(2) Development Roadmap for Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Technology
1.Carbon Capture Technology Research and Development
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology holds irreplaceable and critical sig-
nificance for achieving global deep emission reduction targets. In the initial stages of tech-

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