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Chapter V Strategies for Climate Change Mitigation

anthropogenic emissions. To achieve low-carbon transformation in the cement industry, the
development and application of new low-carbon production technologies are crucial. One
effective approach involves substituting part of cement raw materials with industrial waste
residues. For example, industrial byproducts such as slag from steel plants and fly ash from
power plants can be properly processed and used as mixedmaterials in cement production.
into cement clinker. The active components in these industrial waste residues can undergo
chemical reactions with cement clinker to form cementitious substances, thereby reducing
the usage of cement clinker and lowering carbon emissions during production while main-
taining cement performance. On the other hand, optimizing cement production processes
also serves as an important emission reduction measure. By improving grinding processes
and adopting efficient grinding equipment, energy consumption in thegrinding processis
reduced; optimizing kiln structures enhances thermal efficiency and decreases energy con-
sumption. Through these transformation measures, the proportion of energy-intensive indus-
tries in economic structures can be gradually reduced, fundamentally decreasing total carbon
emissions and contributing to global emission reduction targets.
(2) Development of Emerging Low-Carbon Industries
Vigorously developing emerging low-carbon industries is a crucial direction for pro-
moting economic restructuring and achieving low-carbon transformation. The new energy
industry, encompassing solar, wind, hydro, nuclear energy, and other fields, has become the
main force in future energy development due to its clean and low-carbon characteristics.
In the solar energy industry, increasing investment in solar photovoltaic technologyre-
search, development, and industrial growth holds significant importance. Currently, the
conversion efficiency and cost of solar photovoltaic technologyremain key factors limiting
its large-scale application. Researchers are committed to improving solar cell conversion
efficiency through continuous exploration of new photovoltaic materialsand optimization
of battery structures. For example,developing novelPerovskite solar cells, with a theoreti-
cal conversion efficiency exceeding 30%, possess higher efficiency potential compared to
traditional crystalline silicon solar cells. Concurrently, production costs are being reduced
through improvements in manufacturing processes and scaled-up production. As technology
advances and costs decline, solar photovoltaic power generation continues to increase its
share in the energy supply system. Numerous countries andregions are actively constructing
large-scale solar photovoltaic power stations, while households and businesses increasingly
install solar PV systems for self-consumption or grid feed-in, gradually reducing reliance on
traditional fossil fuels.
In the wind energy sector, vigorous promotion of onshore and offshore windpower
projectsConstruction and the improvement of wind turbine manufacturing technology are
crucial for enhancing the stability and reliability of wind power. After years of development,
onshore wind power technology has become relatively mature, but there is still room for
improvement. This involves developing larger, higher-strength turbine blades to increase sin-

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