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Chapter V Strategies for Climate Change Mitigation

application and large-scale emission reduction. Carbon dioxide storage mainly includes
geological storage and ocean storage, with geological storage currently considered the most
promising method. Geological storage involves injecting carbon dioxide into deep under-
ground geological formations such as depleted oil and gas reservoirs, deep saline aquifers,
and unmineable coal seams. When selecting storage sites, it is necessary to conduct in-depth
research on geological structure characteristics, rock physical properties, formation pressure,
and other factors to ensure stable underground storage of carbon dioxide. Through geologi-
cal exploration and numerical simulation, potential storage sites are evaluated and screened
to determine optimal storage locations. During the storage process, long-term monitoring
mechanisms should be established using seismic monitoring, geochemical monitoring, and
other technologies to track the migration and storage status of underground carbon dioxide
in real time, ensuring stored CO does not leak into the atmosphere. Simultaneously, enhance
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management and maintenance of storage sites, develop emergency plans to address potential
contingencies. By establishing large-scale, safe, and reliable carbon dioxide storage bases,
permanent carbon sequestration can be achieved, providing strong support for realizing glob-
al deep decarbonization goals.
4.Low-carbon Technology Development Support System
To promote the continuous development of low-carbon technologies such as renewable
energy and carbon capture and storage (CCS), establishing a comprehensive support system
is crucial. Governments play a pivotal role in this process and should increase funding for
low-carbon technology research and development. Special scientific research funds should
be established to encourage collaboration between universities, research institutions, and en-
terprises in industry-university-research partnerships. Universities and research institutions
possess advantages in fundamental research, providing theoretical support and technological
reserves for low-carbon technology development; enterprises bring rich practical experience
and market insights, enabling rapid translation of research achievements into productive
applications. Through industry-university-research collaboration, the technological innova-
tion process can be accelerated, and R&D cycles shortened. Simultaneously, governments
should formulate preferential policies to enhance corporate enthusiasm for adopting low-car-
bon technologies. For instance, providing subsidies for renewable energy power generation
based on electricity output or installed capacity could reduce operational costs for renewable
energy enterprises and improve their market competitiveness. Implementing tax incentives
for enterprises adopting CCS technology would alleviate financial burdens and encourage
active adoption of CCS for carbon dioxide reduction. Additionally, strengthening interna-
tional cooperation serves as a vital pathway for advancing low-carbon technologies. Climate
change being a global issue requires collective efforts from all nations. Through international
collaboration, countries can share technological achievements and experiences while joint-
ly addressing challenges in low-carbon technology development. For example, organizing
international research teams to conduct joint research projects could collectivelyDevelop

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