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Global Climate Change and Its Impacts

nological development, the primary task is to concentrate efforts on overcoming technical
challenges in carbon capture. Carbon capture technology aims to separate and collect carbon
dioxide from industrial exhaust gases, with current main technical approaches including
post-combustion capture, pre-combustion capture, and oxy-fuel combustion capture. For
post-combustion capture technology, the development of efficient carbon capture materials
and processes is crucial. The research of novel adsorbents and absorbents forms the core
of improving carbon capture efficiency. For instance, Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs)
materials possess high specific surface areas andadjustableporepore structures demonstrate
excellent CO adsorption performance. Researchers are enhancing the adsorption selectivity
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and capacity of MOF materials through modification and optimization. For absorbents, the
development of novel chemical absorbents such as ionic liquid absorbents with high absorp-
tion efficiency and low regeneration energy consumption is underway. Concurrently, opti-
mizing carbon capture equipment design by adopting advanced separation technologies and
processes like pressure swing adsorption and membrane separation makes carbon capture
systems more compact, efficient, and suitable for large-scale applications. These technolog-
ical innovations aim to improve carbon capture efficiency, reduce energy consumption and
costs during capture, laying the foundation for subsequent CO transportation and storage.
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2.Carbon Dioxide Transportation Technology Enhancement
Following progress in carbon capture technology, the mid-term focus shifts to improv-
ing CO transportation technology to ensure safe and efficient transport from capturesites to
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storage locations.to storage sites. The main methods of transporting carbon dioxide include
pipeline transport, tanker truck transport, and ship transport. Pipeline transport offers ad-
vantages such as large capacity, low cost, and continuous operation, making it the primary
method for large-scale carbon dioxide transportation. To ensure the safety and reliability of
pipeline transport, specialized pipeline materials for carbon dioxide transportation need to
be developed. As carbon dioxide exhibits corrosiveness under high-pressure and low-tem-
perature conditions, it is necessary to develop pipeline materials with excellent corrosion re-
sistance and high mechanical strength, such as special alloy steels and composite materials.
Concurrently, research and development of pipeline transportation equipment—including
compressors, valves, and monitoring systems—should be enhanced to improve automation
levels and operational efficiency in pipeline systems. For tanker truck and ship transport,
optimizing container designs to enhance sealing integrity and safety while reducing leakage
risks during transportation is critical. Additionally, a comprehensive transportation manage-
ment system must be established, incorporating stringent safety standards, operational pro-
tocols, and strengthened monitoring and regulation of transportation processes to ensure safe
and efficient carbon dioxide transportation.
3.Carbon Dioxide Sequestration Base Construction
From a long-term development perspective, establishing large-scale, safe, and reliable
carbon dioxide storage bases is a critical link for CCS technology to achieve commercial

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