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Chapter V Strategies for Climate Change Mitigation

mately affecting the nation’s economic development. Meanwhile, excessively high emission
reduction targets could also trigger social instability factors such as increased unemployment
and rising prices. Conversely, if emission reduction targets are set too low, while having
minimal short-term impact on economic development, they would fail to effectively address
the severe challenges posed by climate change and meet international expectations for the
country to fulfill its emission reduction commitments.Emission reduction responsibilitiesex-
pectations of the international community and is detrimental to the country’s long-term sus-
tainable development.
From a technological capability perspectiveconsideration, emissionreduction poli-
cieshinge on advanced energy-saving and emissionreduction technologiesand climate change
adaptation technologies. If a country lacks independent R&D capabilities in relevant techno-
logical fields, has insufficient technical reserves, and struggles to access advanced technolo-
gies from international markets, overly ambitious emission reduction targets will be difficult
to achieve. For example, regarding Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology, while
crucial for large-scale industrial carbon emission reductions, this technology remains under-
developed with challenges such as high costs, technical immaturity, and unverified safety.
If a country sets overly stringent industrial carbon reduction targets and relies primarily on
CCS technology without full mastery of it, numerous technical obstacles will arise during
implementation, resulting in failed emission reduction goals.
Social acceptance is also a critical factor affecting policy feasibility. Emissionreduction
policiesImplementation often involves all aspects of social life and requires public under-
standing and support. If emission re-duction policiessignificantly impact people’s daily lives
and lack broad public acceptance, they may face greater implementation resistance. For ex-
ample, when promoting waste classification and resource recycling policies,if publicityand
education are inadequate, leaving the public uninformed about the significance and methods
of waste classification, and supporting facilities remain incomplete, public resistance may
emerge, undermining policy effectiveness. Therefore, when setting emission reduction tar-
gets, governments should fully consider social acceptance by strengthening publicity and
education to enhance environmental awareness andunderstanding of emission policies; im-
proving supporting measures to reduce negative impacts on daily life, thereby ensuring emis-
sion re-duction policiesThe goals are both challenging enough to effectively drive the na-
tion’s low-carbon transition and realistically feasible to ensure smooth implementation with
support and cooperation from all sectors of society, ultimately achieving a national balance
between economic development and environmental protection, and contributing positively to
global climate change mitigation efforts.

II. National-Level Emission Reduction PoliciesImplementation
Mechanisms and Tools

Under the global backdrop of actively addressing climate change, national-level emis-

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